Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 13

शिवस्य परापरब्रह्मस्वरूपनिर्णयः / Determination of Śiva as Higher and Lower Brahman

Devanagari script

समष्टिमाहुरव्यक्तं व्यष्टिं व्यक्तं तथैव च । ते रूपे परमेशस्य तदिच्छायाः प्रवर्तनात्

Transliteration

samaṣṭimāhuravyaktaṃ vyaṣṭiṃ vyaktaṃ tathaiva ca | te rūpe parameśasya tadicchāyāḥ pravartanāt

Translation

Orang bijaksana menyatakan bahawa ‘keseluruhan’ itu tidak termanifest (avyakta), manakala ‘yang khusus’ itu termanifest (vyakta). Kedua-duanya ialah rupa Parameśvara, bergerak kerana dorongan kehendak-Nya sendiri.

Word by Word

• समष्टिम्: the aggregate (totality)
• समष्टिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• आहुः: they say/call
• आहुः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अह् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन

• अव्यक्तम्: unmanifest
• अव्यक्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अव्यक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying समष्टिम्)

• व्यष्टिम्: the individual (particular)
• व्यष्टिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• व्यक्तम्: manifest
• व्यक्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्यक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying व्यष्टिम्)

• तथा: thus/so
• तथा: Sambandha/Upapada (सम्बन्ध/उपपद)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha/Upapada (सम्बन्ध/उपपद)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle of emphasis)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Upapada (सम्बन्ध/उपपद)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• ते: they (those)
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• रूपे: (are) the two forms
• रूपे: Karma/Predicate (कर्म/विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन; विधेय (predicate)

• परमेशस्य: of the Supreme Lord
• परमेशस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परमेश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन

• तत्: of that (his)
• तत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying इच्छायाः)

• इच्छायाः: of (his) will
• इच्छायाः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इच्छा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन

• प्रवर्तनात्: from the activation/impulsion
• प्रवर्तनात्: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रवर्तन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन; हेतौ (cause)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Īśāna

Shakti Dimension

Role: creative

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches that both the unmanifest totality (samaṣṭi/avyakta) and the manifest diversity (vyaṣṭi/vyakta) arise from Parameśvara’s sovereign will—so liberation comes by turning awareness from effects to their Lord, Śiva as Pati.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

The Linga signifies the unmanifest ground of reality, while the worshipped forms and names of Śiva express the manifest aspect; the verse affirms both as valid approaches because both are Śiva’s own modes initiated by His will.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Meditate on Śiva as the inner ruler of both the unmanifest and the manifest—supporting japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with steady contemplation that all differentiation is moved by His icchā (divine will).