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Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 20

अन्धक-प्रश्नः — Inquiry into Andhaka

Genealogy and Nature

गायन्हसन्प्ररुदन्नृत्यमानो विलेलिहानो घरघोरघोषः । जातेन तेनाद्भुतदर्शनेन गौरीं भवोऽसौ स्मितपूर्वमाह

gāyanhasanprarudannṛtyamāno vilelihāno gharaghoraghoṣaḥ | jātena tenādbhutadarśanena gaurīṃ bhavo'sau smitapūrvamāha

Sambil menyanyi, ketawa, lalu menangis, dia terus menari—menjilat bibir dan mengaum dengan bunyi dahsyat bagaikan guruh. Melihat pemandangan yang menghairankan itu, Dewa Bhava (Śiva) terlebih dahulu tersenyum, kemudian bertitah kepada Gaurī (Pārvatī).

gāyansinging
gāyan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√gai (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषण-भाव (simultaneous action)
hasanlaughing
hasan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√has (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सहक्रिया
prarudancrying aloud
prarudan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootpra+√rud (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
Formउपसर्ग-युक्त शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
nṛtyamānaḥdancing
nṛtyamānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√nṛt (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
Formशानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present middle participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
vilelihānaḥlicking repeatedly
vilelihānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootvi+√lih (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
Formउपसर्ग-युक्त शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ghara-ghora-ghoṣaḥone with a harsh, dreadful roar
ghara-ghora-ghoṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootghara (प्रातिपदic) + ghora (प्रातिपदic) + ghoṣa (प्रातिपदic)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (descriptive: ‘having a harsh/terrible sound’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
jātenaby/with the arisen
jātena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootjāta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदic)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग-सम्भव (here instrumental), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Ins, 3rd), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies darśanena)
tenaby that
tena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदic)
Formसर्वनाम, तृतीया (Ins), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (contextual)
adbhuta-darśanenaby the wondrous appearance
adbhuta-darśanena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootadbhuta (प्रातिपदic) + darśana (प्रातिपदic)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (‘wonderful sight/appearance’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Ins), एकवचन
gaurīmGaurī
gaurīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgaurī (प्रातिपदic)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (fem), द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन
bhavaḥBhava (Śiva)
bhavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhava (प्रातिपदic)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
asauthat (he)
asau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasau (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदic)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग
smita-pūrvamsmilingly / with a prior smile
smita-pūrvam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsmita (प्रातिपदic) + pūrva (प्रातिपदic)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास, अव्ययवत् क्रियाविशेषण (adverb): ‘with a smile beforehand’
āhasaid
āha:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ah (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

Suta Goswami (narrating the events; the verse sets up Shiva speaking to Parvati)

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Bhairava

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: teaching

S
Shiva
P
Parvati

FAQs

The verse highlights how awe, fear, and wonder can arise before powerful manifestations, yet Śiva remains the calm, compassionate Lord (Pati) who responds with a smile—guiding the devotee (Pāśu) from emotional turbulence toward insight and steadiness.

It reflects Saguna Śiva—who appears with dynamic, even terrifying energies—yet is inwardly benevolent and self-mastered. In Linga worship, devotees approach the same Lord through a stable, accessible form, learning to see the compassionate reality behind intense appearances.

A practical takeaway is to steady the mind with japa of the Pañcākṣarī mantra (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) when confronted by fear or agitation, remembering Śiva’s smile as assurance; this aligns with bhakti-centered concentration rather than reacting to outer spectacle.