Rig Veda 8.53.7: Mandala 8, Sukta 53, Mantra 7

Sukta 8.53

Rishi: Kaṇva (Kāṇva tradition)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; 8.53 frequently Triṣṭubh in Indra hymns, though confirmation requires full metrical count)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यस्ते साधिष्ठोऽवसे ते स्याम भरेषु ते । वयं होत्राभिरुत देवहूतिभिः ससवांसो मनामहे ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.53.7

Transliteration

yás te sādhiṣṭhó’vase té syāma bháreṣu te | vayáṃ hotrā́bhir utá devá-hūtibhiḥ sasa-vā́ṃso manāmahe ||

Translation

Moga kami menjadi milik-Mu demi pertolongan-Mu yang paling mujarab; dalam segala pertempuran yang Engkau tanggung. Kami—dengan nyanyian hotṛa dan dengan seruan pemanggil para dewa (devahūti)—maju menekan, dan dalam hati kami menghasrati serta menyetujui-Mu.

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Word by Word

• यः: who (he who)
• यः: Kartā (सम्बन्धवाचकः—यः … सः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: your / of you
• ते: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• साधिष्ठः: most effective, best
• साधिष्ठः: Kartā (यः … साधिष्ठः) / विशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: साधु (प्रातिपदिक) → साधिष्ठ (superlative)

• अवसे: for help, for aid
• अवसे: Sampradāna (purpose/for help)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (प्रातिपदिक) अथवा √अव् ‘to help/protect’ (भाव/उद्देश्य-रूप)

• ते: he/that (one)
• ते: Kartā (ते स्याम) / सम्बन्ध-समुच्चयः (यः…ते)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• स्याम: may we be
• स्याम: Kartā (वयं implied)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (भू/अस्) — optative base स्या-

• भरेषु: in battles, in contests
• भरेषु: Adhikaraṇa (locative: in battles/contests)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भर (प्रातिपदिक) < √भृ ‘to bear, carry; battle’

• ते: your / of you
• ते: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• होत्राभिः: with invocations (priestly offerings)
• होत्राभिः: Karaṇa (instrument: by invocations/offerings)
• Type: Noun
• Root: होत्रा (प्रातिपदिक) < होतृ/√हु ‘to sacrifice, invoke’

• उत: and, also
• उत: समुच्चय/अन्वय (and/also)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात/अव्यय)

• देवहूतिभिः: with god-invocations
• देवहूतिभिः: Karaṇa (instrument: with calls/invocations to the gods)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवहूति (प्रातिपदिक) = देव + हूति (< √ह्वा/√हू ‘to call, invoke’)

• ससवांसः: having pressed (Soma), having produced
• ससवांसः: Kartā (वयम् … ससवांसः) / विशेषणम्
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: √सू ‘to press out (Soma), to beget’ → परिपूर्ण/परस्मैपदी क्त्वत्/परिप्रत्यय-रूप ‘ससवांस्’ (perfect active participle)

• मनामहे: we think, we deem (for ourselves)
• मनामहे: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मन् ‘to think, deem’ (आत्मनेपदम्)