Rig Veda 8.12.25: Mandala 8, Sukta 12, Mantra 25

Sukta 8.12

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Gayatri (likely; needs confirmation by metrical count)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यदिन्द्र पृतनाज्ये देवास्त्वा दधिरे पुरः । आदित्ते हर्यता हरी ववक्षतुः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.12.25

Transliteration

yád indra pṛtanā́jye devā́s tvā dadhire puráḥ | ā́d ít te haryatā́ hárī vavakṣatuḥ ||

Translation

Wahai Indra, apabila dalam desakan pertempuran para dewa menempatkanmu di hadapan, maka sesungguhnya dua kuda baymu yang tangkas dan bersemangat itu membawa engkau mara ke depan.

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Word by Word

• यदि: if
• यदि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (proper) / Vocative
• Root: इन्द्र

• पृतनाज्ये: in the battle-rush / in the press of battle
• पृतनाज्ये: अधिकारण
• Type: Noun (compound) / Locative
• Root: पृतना + अज्य (प्रातिपदिक) अथवा पृतनाज्य (समास-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्

• दधिरे: they have placed / set
• दधिरे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (डुधाञ्) धातु

• पुरः: in front, at the fore
• पुरः: अधिकारण (देश) / क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable (adverbial accusative) / Noun-form used adverbially
• Root: पुरस्

• आ: towards, unto
• आ: —
• Type: Preverb / Indeclinable
• Root: आ

• दित्: then, indeed
• दित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable particle (Vedic) / discourse particle
• Root: दित्

• ते: your
• ते: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्

• हर्यतौ: the two golden/bright ones
• हर्यतौ: कर्तृ (विशेषण-समन्वय) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective (dual) qualifying ‘हरी’
• Root: हर्यत (प्रातिपदिक) < √हृ/हर् ‘to be golden/greenish, to be dear/pleasant’ (Vedic adj.)

• हरी: the two bay steeds (of Indra)
• हरी: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि

• ववक्षतुः: have carried / have conveyed
• ववक्षतुः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वह् (वहति) / Vedic perfect stem ववक्ष-