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Rig Veda 4.20.5: Mandala 4, Sukta 20, Mantra 5

Sukta 4.20

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify metrically)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वि यो ररप्श ऋषिभिर्नवेभिर्वृक्षो न पक्वः सृण्यो न जेता । मर्यो न योषामभि मन्यमानोऽच्छा विवक्मि पुरुहूतमिन्द्रम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.20.5
Transliteration

ví yó rarapśa ṛ́ṣibhir návabhir vṛkṣó na pakváḥ sṛ́ṇyo na jetā́ | már yo na yóṣām abhí manyamāno’cchā́ vivakmi puru-hūtám índram ||

Translation

Dia yang meluas dalam kuasa bersama para resi yang baharu—bagai pohon yang masak sepenuhnya, bagai peluru yang menang. Seperti pemuda yang menyala rindu kepada gadis, demikianlah dengan kerinduan aku berseru terus menuju Indra, yang banyak diseru (puruhūta).

Word by Word
विapart, forth (prefix: intensifies/separates)
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग) / √विभज् (अर्थ-प्रवृत्तिः)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ररप्शhas grown/has ripened, has developed
ररप्श:
Kartā (क्रियापद)
TypeVerb
Root√रप्/√रभ् (वेद. ‘ररप्श’ = परिपक्व/विकसित-भावे; परस्मैपद-परिपूर्ण/आर्ष-रूप)
ऋषिभिःby/with the seers
ऋषिभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
नवेभिःnew, fresh (i.e., new seers)
नवेभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootनव (प्रातिपदिक)
वृक्षःa tree
वृक्षः:
Kartā (उपमा-आधारः)
TypeNoun
Rootवृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
पक्वःripe, matured
पक्वः:
Kartā (उपमा-विधेयः)
TypeAdjective
Root√पच् → पक्व (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
सृण्यःa sharp weapon/spear (lit. ‘the sharp one’)
सृण्यः:
Kartā (उपमा-आधारः)
TypeNoun
Rootसृण्य (प्रातिपदिक; वेद. ‘सृण्य’ = तीक्ष्ण/प्रहरणशील, सम्भवतः ‘भाला/शस्त्र’ अथवा ‘तीक्ष्णः’)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
जेताa conqueror, winner
जेता:
Kartā (उपमा-विधेयः)
TypeNoun
Root√जि → जेतृ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘जेता’ = जेतृ-शब्दस्य प्रथमा एकवचनम्)
मर्यःa young man, a suitor
मर्यः:
Kartā (उपमा-आधारः)
TypeNoun
Rootमर्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘युवा/वीर’)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
योषाम्a young woman, maiden
योषाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोषा (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिtowards, upon
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
मन्यमानःthinking, deeming, being intent
मन्यमानः:
Kartā (यः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple
Root√मन् (मन्यते) → मन्यमान (शतृ/शानच् कृदन्त)
अच्छाtowards, straight to
अच्छा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअच्छा (अव्यय)
विवक्मिI utter, I proclaim
विवक्मि:
Kartā (अहं) / क्रियापद
TypeVerb
Root√वच् (वक्ति) + वि- (उपसर्ग); वेद. ‘विवक्मि’ = 1sg (इच्छार्थ/प्रवृत्त्यर्थ) ‘I would speak/utter’
पुरुहूतम्much-invoked
पुरुहूतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootपुरुहूत (प्रातिपदिक; पुरु- ‘many’ + हूत ‘invoked/called’)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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