Rig Veda 10.189.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 189, Mantra 3

Sukta 10.189

Devata: Solar-bird (pataṅga) / Sūrya as carrier of vāk; also the principle of Vāk itself

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

त्रिंशद्धाम वि राजति वाक्पतंगाय धीयते । प्रति वस्तोरह द्युभिः ॥

Transliteration

triṃśád dhā́ma ví rājati vā́k pataṅgā́ya dhīyate | práti vástor áha dyúbhiḥ ||

Translation

Dalam tiga puluh ranah ia bersinar; Vāk (Sabda) ditetapkan pada penerbangan sang burung bersayap—menyahut setiap fajar dan siang dengan cahaya-cahayanya.

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Word by Word

• त्रिंशत्: thirty
• त्रिंशत्: Viśeṣaṇa (of धाम)
• Type: Adjective/Numeral
• Root: त्रिंशत् (संख्याशब्दः < त्रिंशत्)

• धाम: abode; station; realm
• धाम: Kartā (with विराजति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धामन् (प्रातिपदिकम्; धा-धातोः ‘धारण/स्थापन’ भावः)

• वि: apart; forth; widely
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• राजति: shines; is resplendent
• राजति: Kriyā (of धाम)
• Type: Verb
• Root: राज् (धातुः)

• वाक्: speech; sacred utterance
• वाक्: Kartā (with धीयते)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• पतंगाय: to/for the Patanga (the ‘soaring one’, often the Sun/bird)
• पतंगाय: Sampradāna (recipient/goal of धीयते)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पतंग (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• धीयते: is placed; is directed; is meditated/held
• धीयते: Kriyā (of वाक्); कर्मणि—कर्तृ-अनुक्तः
• Type: Verb
• Root: धी (धातुः) / धा (वेद. ‘to place’ in passive sense)

• प्रति: towards; in response to
• प्रति: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• वस्तोः: of dawn; of daybreak
• वस्तोः: Adhikaraṇa/सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of dawn/daybreak’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वस्तु/वस्तु́ (वेद. ‘daybreak/dwelling’; प्रातिपदिकम् वस्तु) অথবা वस् (धातु) से व्युत्पन्न

• अह: day
• अह: Kartā (elliptic: ‘the day’ as subject with implied verb, or in apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन् (प्रातिपदिकम्)

• द्युभिः: with lights; with heavenly brightnesses
• द्युभिः: Karaṇa (instrument/means: ‘with/by lights/sky-brilliances’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्युभि- < द्यु (प्रातिपदिकम्; ‘sky/light’)