Rig Veda 1.176.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 176, Mantra 4

Sukta 1.176

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional; verify)

Devata: Soma (and/or Indra-Soma protective function)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

असुन्वन्तं समं जहि दूणाशं यो न ते मयः । अस्मभ्यमस्य वेदनं दद्धि सूरिश्चिदोहते ॥

Transliteration

ásunvantaṃ samáṃ jahi dūṇā́śaṃ yó ná te máyaḥ | asmábhyam asyá védaṇaṃ daddhi sū́riś cid ohate ||

Translation

Tumpaskanlah orang yang tidak memerah (Soma), si perosak yang menyamaratakan, yang tidak memberimu sukacita. Tetapi kepada kami kurniakan bahagiannya daripada perolehan; bahkan seorang tuan harta pun mesti menyerahkannya—agar nikmat yang benar tidak ditahan daripada si pemohon.

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Word by Word

• असु॑न्वन्तम्: the non-presser (of Soma), the one who does not press
• असु॑न्वन्तम्: कर्म (object of जहि)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अ-√सु (सु ‘to press (Soma)’) → असुन्वन्त् (neg. pres. act. ptcp.)

• समम्: equally, outright, completely
• समम्: क्रियाविशेषण (manner of जहि)
• Type: Adjective/Adverb
• Root: सम (prātipadika) / सम ‘equal, same’

• जहि: strike! slay!
• जहि: क्रिया (addressed to ‘you’, i.e., Indra)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हन् (हन ‘to strike, slay’)

• दू॒णाशम्: the harmful one, the injurer
• दू॒णाशम्: कर्म (object of जहि; in apposition to असुन्वन्तम्)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: दूणाश (prātipadika; ‘harmful, injurious’, RV adj.)

• यः: who
• यः: कर्ता (of implied verb ‘is/acts’ in relative clause)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (relative pronoun) आधार: य-

• न: not
• न: निषेध (negates relation to ‘te’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle of negation)

• ते: of you, your
• ते: सम्बन्ध (possessive relation with मयः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (2nd pers. pronoun) → ते

• मयः: benefit, refreshment, joy
• मयः: कर्म/प्रयोजन (that which he is not ‘for’/does not provide)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मयस् (prātipadika; ‘delight, refreshment, benefit’)

• अ॒स्मभ्य॑म्: to us
• अ॒स्मभ्य॑म्: सम्प्रदान (recipient)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (1st pers. pronoun) → अस्मभ्यम्

• अस्य: of him, of this (one)
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive with वेदनम्: ‘of him/this one’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (pronoun) → अस्य

• वेद॑नम्: wealth, possession
• वेद॑नम्: कर्म (object of दद्धि)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेदन (prātipadika; ‘property, possession, wealth’ in RV usage; lit. ‘that which is found/obtained’)

• द॒द्धि: give! bestow!
• द॒द्धि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (दा ‘to give’) → दद्धि (imperative)

• सू॒रिः: the patron, benefactor
• सू॒रिः: कर्ता (of ओहते)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूरि (prātipadika; ‘patron, benefactor, lord’)

• चि॑त्: even
• चि॑त्: निपात (emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (particle: ‘even, indeed’)

• ओहते: brings, conveys, procures
• ओहते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वह् / √ऊह् (Vedic: ओहते ‘he brings/hauls/sets in motion’; middle)