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Rig Veda 1.123.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 123, Mantra 5

Sukta 1.123

Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditional attribution for RV 1.123)
Devata: Uṣas (with allusive links to Bhaga and Varuṇa)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh

भगस्य स्वसा वरुणस्य जामिरुषः सूनृते प्रथमा जरस्व । पश्चा स दघ्या यो अघस्य धाता जयेम तं दक्षिणया रथेन ॥

bhágasya svásā váruṇasya jāmír uṣaḥ sūnṛte prathamā́ jarasva | paścā́ sá dadhyā yó aghásya dhātā́ jáyema táṃ dakṣiṇáyā ráthena ||

Wahai Fajar (Uṣas), yang berucap benar, saudari Bhaga dan kerabat Varuṇa, bersinarlah terlebih dahulu di hadapan. Kemudian semoga kami menegakkan dan memenangi daya yang meneguhkan kami daripada bahaya; semoga kami menaklukkannya dengan kekuatan yang mengurniakan yang benar, dengan rata persembahan yang teratur.

भगस्यof Bhaga (the god Bhaga)
भगस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootभग (प्रातिपदिक)
स्वसाsister
स्वसा:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootस्वसृ (प्रातिपदिक)
वरुणस्यof Varuṇa
वरुणस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
जामिःkinswoman; near-relative
जामिः:
कर्तृ (apposition to स्वसा)
TypeNoun
Rootजामि (प्रातिपदिक)
उषःO Uṣas (Dawn)
उषः:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
सूनृतेO Sūnṛtā (truthful/pleasant speech; personified)
सूनृते:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootसूनृता (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रथमाfirst
प्रथमा:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
जरस्वgrow old; endure (live on)
जरस्व:
क्रिया (addressed to Uṣas/Sūnṛtā)
TypeVerb
Rootजॄ/जरा (धातु: जॄ ‘to grow old’ → imperative)
पश्चात्afterwards; later
पश्चात्:
अधिकरण (काल/क्रम)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात् (अव्यय)
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दघ्याःDaghya (a person/epithet; Vedic name)
दघ्याः:
कर्तृ (apposition to सः)
TypeNoun
Rootदघ्य (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic epithet/name)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ (relative pronoun)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अघस्यof evil; of sin/harm
अघस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootअघ (प्रातिपदिक)
धाताthe establisher; ordainer; creator
धाता:
कर्तृ (predicate/apposition to यः)
TypeNoun
Rootधा (धातु) + तृ (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय) → धातृ/धाता
जयेमmay we win; may we conquer
जयेम:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootजि (धातु: ‘to conquer’)
तम्him
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दक्षिणयाwith a dakṣiṇā (priestly gift/fee)
दक्षिणया:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिणा (प्रातिपदिक)
रथेनwith a chariot
रथेन:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)

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