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Rig Veda 1.122.10: Mandala 1, Sukta 122, Mantra 10

Sukta 1.122

Devata: Mitra-Varuṇa (hymn context), with praise of a heroic patron/leader

स व्राधतो नहुषो दंसुजूतः शर्धस्तरो नरां गूर्तश्रवाः । विसृष्टरातिर्याति बाळ्हसृत्वा विश्वासु पृत्सु सदमिच्छूरः ॥

sá vrā́dhato náhuṣo dáṃsu-jūtaḥ śárdhas-taro narā́ṃ gūrtá-śravāḥ | visṛ́ṣṭa-rātir yāti bāḷhá-sṛtvā víśvāsu pṛ́tsu sádam íc chū́raḥ ||

Dia—putera Nahuṣa, didorong oleh kemahiran—lebih gagah daripada gerombolan manusia, masyhur dengan kemasyhuran yang teguh; dengan kurnia yang dilepaskan ia mara, merentas laluan-laluan yang kuat; dalam segala pertempuran sang wira sentiasa mencari maju yang menang.

सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
व्राधतःprospering, growing strong
व्राधतः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (participle)
Rootव्राध् (धातु) → व्राधत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/शतृ)
नहुषःNahusha
नहुषः:
Kartā
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootनहुष (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
दंसुजूतःimpelled by skill/stratagem; skill-driven
दंसुजूतः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootदंसु + जूत (√जु/जव् ‘to impel, speed’ → जूत ‘impelled, sped’)
शर्धस्तरःmightier in host; more troop-strong
शर्धस्तरः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootशर्धस् (प्रातिपदिक ‘host, troop’) + तर (तुलनार्थ-प्रत्यय)
नराम्of men
नराम्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
गूर्तश्रवाःwhose fame is proclaimed/raised; widely renowned
गूर्तश्रवाः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (bahuvrīhi)
Rootगूर्त + श्रवस् (प्रातिपदिक ‘fame, renown’)
विसृष्ट-रातिःhe whose giving is freely released; free-giver
विसृष्ट-रातिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective (compound)
Rootवि-√सृज् (धातु) → विसृष्ट (कृदन्त) + राति (प्रातिपदिक ‘gift, giving’)
यातिgoes, advances
याति:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√या (धातु)
बाळ्हसृत्वाhaving rushed mightily; by rushing strongly
बाळ्हसृत्वा:
Karaṇa
TypeGerund (absolutive)
Rootबाळ्ह (अव्यय/विशेषण ‘strongly, mightily’) + √सृ (धातु ‘to run/flow’) → सृत्वा (क्त्वान्त)
विश्वासुin all
विश्वासु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective used substantively
Rootविश्व (सर्व/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
पृत्सुin battles
पृत्सु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपृत्/पृत्स् (प्रातिपदिक ‘battle, fight’; RV usage)
सदम्always
सदम्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदम् (अव्यय ‘always, continually’)
इत्indeed, just
इत्:
(emphasis)
TypeParticle
Rootइत् (निपात/अव्यय; emphatic particle)
शूरःhero, warrior
शूरः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootशूर (प्रातिपदिक)

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