Rig Veda 1.110.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 110, Mantra 3

Sukta 1.110

Rishi: Ribhu-praise tradition within RV 1.110.

Devata: Ribhus, under Savitar’s impulsion.

Chandas: Trishtubh.

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

तत्सविता वोऽमृतत्वमासुवदगोह्यं यच्छ्रवयन्त ऐतन । त्यं चिच्चमसमसुरस्य भक्षणमेकं सन्तमकृणुता चतुर्वयम् ॥

Transliteration

tát savitā́ vo ’mṛtatvám ā́suvad ágohyaṃ yác chraváyanta áitana | tyáṃ cic camásam ásurasya bhákṣaṇam ékaṃ sántam akṛṇutā́ catúrvayam ||

Translation

Savitar telah menghembuskan ke dalam kamu keabadian—suatu yang tersembunyi—tatkala kamu maju, menzahirkan pendengaran (akan Kebenaran). Bahkan piala yang satu itu—bejana kenikmatan milik Asura—kamu jadikan berwujud empat.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (object of आसुवत्) / or deictic subject depending on construal
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सविता: Savitar (the impeller, Sun-god)
• सविता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• वः: for you / your
• वः: Sampradāna/possessive (for you, your)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अमृतत्वम्: immortality
• अमृतत्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमृतत्व (प्रातिपदिक; अमृत + त्व)

• आ: towards, forth
• आ: —
• Type: Preverb
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग)

• असुवत्: impelled, set in motion, bestowed
• असुवत्: (with सविता as Kartā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सू (सुवति) with आ-

• अगोह्यम्: not to be hidden; unconcealable
• अगोह्यम्: Karma (qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-गोह्य (प्रातिपदिक; गोह्य ‘to be concealed/hidden’ with privative अ-)

• यत्: which
• यत्: Karma (object of श्रावयन्तः)
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• श्रावयन्तः: causing (it) to be heard; proclaiming
• श्रावयन्तः: Kartā (they who cause to be heard)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: √श्रु (श्रावयति, causative)

• एतन: this (very thing)
• एतन: Karma (apposition to यत्)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्/एतन् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; Vedic form)

• त्यम्: that (yonder)
• त्यम्: Karma (object of अकृणुता)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; deictic)

• चित्: even
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (निपात)

• चमसम्: cup, beaker (Soma-cup)
• चमसम्: Karma (object of अकृणुता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चमस (प्रातिपदिक)

• असुरस्य: of the Asura (lord)
• असुरस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असुर (प्रातिपदिक)

• भक्षणम्: eating; portion to be eaten
• भक्षणम्: Karma (in apposition/secondary object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भक्षण (प्रातिपदिक; action noun from √भक्ष)

• एकम्: one, single
• एकम्: Karma (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)

• सन्तम्: being, existing
• सन्तम्: Karma (qualifier)
• Type: Participle (adjectival)
• Root: √अस् (सत्-प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)

• अकृणुता: you two made
• अकृणुता: Kartā (you two) with objects tyam/camasam/bhakṣaṇam
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (कृणोति)

• चतुर्वयम्: fourfold; into four portions
• चतुर्वयम्: Karma (resultative complement)
• Type: Adjective/Noun (compound)
• Root: चतुर्-वय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘fourfold/for four men/with four shares’—Vedic compound)