Valmiki Ramayana 6.59.38 — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 59, Shloka 38

युद्धकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Rāvaṇa’s Assault on Nīla and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān Bears Rāma

Devanagari script

तस्मिन् प्रवृद्धोत्तमसानुवृक्षेशृङ्गेविकीर्णेपतितेपृथिव्याम् ।महाहिकल्पंशरमन्तकाभंसमादधेराक्षसलोकनाथः ।।6.59.38।।

Transliteration

tasmin pravṛddhottamasānuvṛkṣe śṛṅge vikīrṇe patite pṛthivyām | mahāhikalpaṃ śaram antakābhaṃ samādadhe rākṣasalokanāthaḥ ||6.59.38||

Translation

Tatkala puncak yang menjulang, berselimut pepohon itu hancur berkecai, bertaburan dan jatuh ke bumi, penguasa alam Raksasa pun memasang sebatang anak panah—seperti ular besar, berwajah maut—seolah-olah membawa kebinasaan.

Word by Word

• tasmin: in that (situation)
• tasmin: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी-सम्बन्धः

• pravṛddha-uttama-sānu-vṛkṣe: on the peak with overgrown excellent slope-trees
• pravṛddha-uttama-sānu-vṛkṣe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pravṛddha (कृदन्त; √vṛdh) + uttama (प्रातिपदिक) + sānu (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः; śṛṅge इत्यस्य विशेषणसमूहः

• śṛṅge: on the peak
• śṛṅge: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śṛṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी

• vikīrṇe: scattered, shattered
• vikīrṇe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-kīrṇa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √kṝ/√kīr)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; śṛṅge इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; क्त

• patite: fallen
• patite: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: patita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √pat)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; śṛṅge इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; क्त

• pṛthivyām: on the ground
• pṛthivyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pṛthivī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• mahāhi-kalpam: like a huge serpent
• mahāhi-kalpam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahāhi (प्रातिपदिक) + kalpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; śaram इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; अर्थः: महाहेः कल्पः (like a great serpent)

• śaram: arrow
• śaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• antaka-ābham: death-like, like Antaka
• antaka-ābham: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: antaka (प्रातिपदिक) + ābha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; śaram इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; अर्थः: अन्तकस्य आभा/सदृशः

• samādadhe: fixed/placed (on the bow), prepared
• samādadhe: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-√dhā (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• rākṣasa-loka-nāthaḥ: lord of the Rakshasa world
• rākṣasa-loka-nāthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक) + loka (प्रातिपदिक) + nātha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: राक्षसलोकस्य नाथः

Context

After that slope covered with excellent trees had fallen on the ground and broken, Ravana got readied with an arrow as if for arranging destruction like the spirit of death.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Antaka (Death personified)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse underscores how anger and destructive intent distort righteous action; dharma requires restraint even amid conflict.

What is the narrative situation?

After the mountain-peak is shattered on the ground, Rāvaṇa escalates by preparing a particularly lethal arrow.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Not virtue but a cautionary trait: the intensification of wrath and the will to destroy.