Shloka 30

लङ्काप्राकारारोहणम् / Assault on Lanka’s Ramparts and the Opening Clash

Devanagari script

सन्नद्धस्तुमहावीर्योगदापाणिर्विभीषणः ।वृतोयस्तैस्तुसचिवैस्तस्थौतत्रमहाबलः ।।।।

Transliteration

sannaddhas tu mahāvīryo gadāpāṇir vibhīṣaṇaḥ | vṛto yais tu sacivais tasthau tatra mahābalaḥ ||

Translation

Maka Vibhīṣaṇa, pahlawan agung lagi perkasa, lengkap bersenjata dengan gada di tangan, dikelilingi para menterinya, berdiri teguh di sana.

Word by Word

• sannaddhaḥ: armed
• sannaddhaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: saṃ-nah (धातु) > sannaddha (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; PPP of √nah with prefix sam-; English: 'armed/armoured'

• tu: indeed
• tu: Sambandha-nipāta (सम्बन्ध-निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात/समुच्चयार्थ-अव्यय; English: 'but/indeed'

• mahā-vīryaḥ: great-valoured
• mahā-vīryaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (अव्यय/उपसर्गवत्) + vīrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; English: 'of great valour'

• gadā-pāṇiḥ: mace-handed
• gadā-pāṇiḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gadā (प्रातिपदिक) + pāṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; English: 'one whose hand holds a mace'

• vibhīṣaṇaḥ: Vibhishana
• vibhīṣaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vibhīṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; Proper noun

• vṛtaḥ: surrounded
• vṛtaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vṛ (धातु) > vṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; PPP of √vṛ; English: 'surrounded/accompanied'

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; relative pronoun

• taiḥ: with those
• taiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक/सहयोग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; English: 'by/with those'

• tu: indeed
• tu: Sambandha-nipāta (सम्बन्ध-निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात; English: 'indeed/but'

• sacivaiḥ: with ministers
• sacivaiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक/सहयोग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saciva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; English: 'with ministers/counsellors'

• tasthau: stood
• tasthau: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sthā (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; English: 'stood'

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place); English: 'there'

• mahā-balaḥ: mighty
• mahā-balaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (अव्यय/उपसर्गवत्) + bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; English: 'very strong/mighty'

Context

Vibheeshana with defensive clamour, of extraordinary virility accompanied by his mighty ministers, stood there with his mace in hand.

Characters & Entities

• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Mace (gadā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Vibhīṣaṇa embodies dharma grounded in satya: he stands with the righteous side, prepared to act, showing that moral choice must be supported by disciplined readiness.

What is the narrative situation?

Vibhīṣaṇa is positioned among Rāma’s allies, armed and supported by his counselors, indicating organized commitment to the coming combat.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Integrity and courage—the ability to uphold truth even against one’s former kin, and to stand prepared to defend it.