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Shloka 3

माल्यवानुपदेशः

Malyavan’s Counsel, Portents in Laṅkā, and the Proposal of Alliance

अथतान्सचिवांस्तत्रसर्वानाभाष्यरावणः ।सभांसन्नादयन् सर्वामित्युवाचमहाबलः ।।।।जगत्सन्तापन्क्रूरोगर्हयन्राक्षसेश्वरः ।

atha tān sacivāṃs tatra sarvān ābhāṣya rāvaṇaḥ | sabhāṃ sannādayan sarvām ity uvāca mahābalaḥ || jagat-santāpanaḥ krūro garhayan rākṣaseśvaraḥ |

Kemudian Rāvaṇa, raja para Rākṣasa, yang kejam dan penyebab derita dunia, menegur semua menterinya di sana; membuat seluruh balairung bergema, yang perkasa itu berbicara sambil mencela mereka.

athathen
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
Formअनन्तरार्थक-अव्यय
tānthose
tān:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
sacivānministers
sacivān:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootsaciva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)
sarvānall
sarvān:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्
ābhāṣyahaving addressed
ābhāṣya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā + bhāṣ (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive), ‘आभाष्य’ = having addressed
rāvaṇaḥRavana
rāvaṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
sabhāmassembly hall
sabhām:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootsabhā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
sannādayanmaking resound
sannādayan:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootsam + nad (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘सन्नादयन्’ = making resound
sarvāmentire
sarvām:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (sabhām)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरणार्थक-अव्यय
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
mahābalaḥvery strong
mahābalaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā + bala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि-समास (‘महद् बलं यस्य’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्
jagatsantāpanaḥtormentor of the world
jagatsantāpanaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootjagat + santāpana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘जगतः सन्तापनः’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्
krūraḥcruel
krūraḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkrūra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्
garhayanrebuking
garhayan:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootgarh (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘गर्हयन्’ = censuring
rākṣaseśvaraḥlord of the Rakshasas
rākṣaseśvaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Thereafter the mighty Lord of Rakshasas, a cruel one, a scourge of the world addressed the assembly of his ministers and spoke abusing them.

R
Rāvaṇa
R
Rākṣasas
A
Assembly (sabhā)

FAQs

Leadership dharma requires self-restraint and fair counsel; harsh blame and cruelty signal adharma and destabilize righteous governance.

Rāvaṇa convenes and addresses his ministers in the court, speaking loudly and reproachfully.

By contrast (through negative portrayal), the verse highlights the need for kṣamā (forbearance) and measured speech in rulers.