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Shloka 14

माल्यवानुपदेशः

Malyavan’s Counsel, Portents in Laṅkā, and the Proposal of Alliance

धर्मोवैग्रसतेऽधर्मंततःकृतमभूद्युगम् ।।।।अधर्मोग्रसतेधर्मंततस्तिष्यःप्रवर्तते ।

dharmo vai grasate 'dharmaṁ tataḥ kṛtam abhūd yugam | adharmo grasate dharmaṁ tatas tiṣyaḥ pravartate |

Apabila dharma menelan adharma, zaman itu dinamakan Kṛta Yuga; apabila adharma menelan dharma, maka zaman Tiṣya (Kali) pun mula berkuasa.

dharmaḥdharma
dharmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle): emphasis 'indeed'
grasatedevours/overcomes
grasate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootgras (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
adharmamadharma
adharmam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootadharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (adverb): 'then/thereupon'
kṛtamKṛta (age)
kṛtam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; युग-विशेषण (name of age)
abhūtcame to be
abhūt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
yugamage (yuga)
yugam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyuga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
adharmaḥadharma
adharmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootadharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
grasatedevours/overcomes
grasate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootgras (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
dharmamdharma
dharmam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (adverb): 'then'
tiṣyaḥTiṣya (age)
tiṣyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottiṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; युग-नाम (Tretā/Kali etc. tradition varies; here 'Tiṣya')
pravartatebegins/comes into operation
pravartate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + vṛt (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

"When moral merit destroys unrighteousness, it is called Krtayuga. So also, when virtue gets eclipsed by unrighteousness, it is called Kaliyuga."

V
Vibhīṣaṇa
R
Rāvaṇa
D
Dharma
A
Adharma

FAQs

Collective life is shaped by the balance of dharma and adharma; sustaining dharma uplifts an age, while normalizing adharma degrades it.

A moral-philosophical warning is given to show that Rāvaṇa’s choices contribute to a wider decline, not merely a private fault.

Long-range moral vision—judging actions by their civilizational consequences, not only immediate gain.