Shloka 10

माल्यवानुपदेशः

Malyavan’s Counsel, Portents in Laṅkā, and the Proposal of Alliance

Devanagari script

तन्मह्यंरोचतेसन्धिस्सहरामेणरावण ।।।।यदर्थमभियुक्ता: स्मसीतातस्मैप्रदीयताम् ।

Transliteration

tan mahyaṁ rocate sandhiḥ saha rāmeṇa rāvaṇa | yad-artham abhiyuktāḥ sma sītā tasmai pradīyatām |

Translation

“Wahai Rāvaṇa, perdamaian dengan Rāma itu kami perkenankan. Kembalikanlah Sītā kepadanya—demi dialah kami diserang.”

Word by Word

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अत्र कर्म/विषयार्थे (as object of rocate: 'that')

• mahyam: to me
• mahyam: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; 'to me'

• rocate: is agreeable
• rocate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ruc (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; 'is pleasing/agreeable'

• sandhiḥ: alliance/peace
• sandhiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sandhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृवत् (subject of rocate)

• saha: with
• saha: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (postposition): 'with' (saha + instr.)

• rāmeṇa: with Rāma
• rāmeṇa: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• rāvaṇa: O Rāvaṇa
• rāvaṇa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• yadartham: for which purpose
• yadartham: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास: 'for which purpose/for the sake of which'

• abhiyuktāḥ: engaged/committed
• abhiyuktāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: abhi + yuj (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'engaged/committed/arrayed'

• sma: indeed/once
• sma: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sma (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle): स्म—past/recollection/emphasis with finite verb implied

• sītā: Sītā
• sītā: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय (imperative passive: 'let Sītā be given')

• tasmai: to him
• tasmai: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन

• pradīyatām: let (her) be given
• pradīyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra + dā (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; 'let (her) be given back'

Context

"O Ravana! Joining with that Rama is agreeable to me. Let that Sita for whose sake you have been attacked be restored to him."

Characters & Entities

• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Rāvaṇa
• Rāma
• Sītā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is restitution and restraint: wrongfully taken Sītā must be returned, and conflict should end through a just settlement rather than pride-driven violence.

What is the narrative situation?

A counselor urges Rāvaṇa to make peace with Rāma by returning Sītā, identifying her abduction as the root cause of the war.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral clarity and courage in counsel—speaking truth to power even when it challenges a ruler’s ego.