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Shloka 10

युद्धकाण्डे द्वादशः सर्गः — रावणस्य परिषद्-सम्बोधनं कुम्भकर्णस्य नीत्युपदेशश्च

Ravana’s Council Address and Kumbhakarna’s Counsel

अहंतुखलुसर्वान्वस्समर्थयितुमुद्यतः ।कुम्भकर्णस्यतुस्वप्नान्नेममर्थमचोदयम् ।।6.12.10।।

ahaṃ tu khalu sarvān vaḥ samarthayitum udyataḥ | kumbhakarṇasya tu svapnān nemam artham acodayam ||

Sesungguhnya aku telah bersedia untuk memaklumkan kepada kamu semua; tetapi kerana Kumbhakarṇa sedang lena, aku tidak menyampaikan perkara ini kepadanya.

अहम्I
अहम्:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
तुbut
तु:
सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अन्वय-अव्यय (contrastive particle)
खलुindeed
खलु:
सम्बन्ध (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootखलु (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
सर्वान्all (of you/them)
सर्वान्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
वःof you
वः:
षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध (Sambandha)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (enclitic)
समर्थयितुम्to support/encourage
समर्थयितुम्:
प्रयोजन (Purpose)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+अर्थय्/समर्थय् (धातु; causative/denominative from 'समर्थ')
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (Infinitive); 'to support/encourage/approve'
उद्यतःready, intent
उद्यतः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्+यत (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (Past participle used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग प्रथमा एकवचन; 'ready/intent'
कुम्भकर्णस्यof Kumbhakarna
कुम्भकर्णस्य:
षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध (Sambandha)
TypeNoun
Rootकुम्भकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
तुhowever
तु:
सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अन्वय-अव्यय (contrastive particle)
स्वप्नात्from sleep / due to sleep
स्वप्नात्:
हेतु (Hetu/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वप्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन; कारण/हेतु-निर्देश (because of sleep)
not
:
निषेध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
इमम्this
इमम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
अर्थम्matter
अर्थम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
अचोदयम्I urged/informed
अचोदयम्:
क्रिया (Action/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootचुद् (धातु)
Formलुङ्-लकार (Aorist/Imperfect past), उत्तम-पुरुष (1st), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; नकार-निषेधेन 'न अचोदयम्' = 'I did not urge/inform'

"Indeed, rightly I told all of you earlier. Since Kumbhakarna was sleeping I had not informed him about this matter."

R
Rāvaṇa
K
Kumbhakarṇa

FAQs

In governance and war, dharma includes timely communication and accountability—leaders explain omissions that affect collective decision-making.

Rāvaṇa addresses his commanders, stating that Kumbhakarṇa was not informed earlier because he was asleep.

Administrative justification and command management (though within an adharmic campaign in the broader epic).