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Shloka 26

रावण-सारथि-संवादः

Ravana and the Charioteer: Counsel, Omens, and Battlefield Conduct

एवमुक्त्वाततस्तुष्टोरावणोराक्षसेश्वरः ।ददौतस्यशुभंह्येकंहस्ताभरणमुत्तमम् ।।।।श्रुत्वारावणवाक्यानिसारथिस्सन्यवर्तत ।

evam uktvā tataḥ tuṣṭo rāvaṇo rākṣaseśvaraḥ | dadau tasya śubhaṃ hy ekaṃ hastābharaṇam uttamam | śrutvā rāvaṇavākyāni sārathiḥ sa nyavartata ||

Setelah berkata demikian, Rāvaṇa, raja para Rākṣasa, menjadi puas lalu mengurniakan kepada sais itu seutas perhiasan tangan yang unggul lagi bertuah. Mendengar titah Rāvaṇa, sais itu pun memusingkan kereta menurut perintah.

evamthus
evam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (प्रकारवाचक अव्यय)
uktvāhaving spoken
uktvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच्) + ktvā
FormAbsolutive/gerund (क्त्वा) = 'having said'
tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (कालवाचक अव्यय)
tuṣṭaḥpleased
tuṣṭaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (qualifier of rāvaṇaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Root√tuṣ (तुष्) + ta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त) used adjectivally, Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
rāvaṇaḥRavana
rāvaṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
rākṣaseśvaraḥlord of the Rakshasas
rākṣaseśvaraḥ:
Apposition (समानााधिकरण) to Karta
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa-īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; tatpurusha: rākṣasa + īśvara = 'lord of the Rakshasas'
dadaugave
dadau:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√dā (दा)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
tasyato him/of him
tasya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान) (recipient in genitive usage)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormGenitive (6th), Singular
śubhamauspicious
śubham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootśubha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; qualifying hastābharaṇam
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) for emphasis
ekamone
ekam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; qualifying hastābharaṇam
hastābharaṇama hand-ornament
hastābharaṇam:
Karma (कर्म) (thing given)
TypeNoun
Roothasta-ābharaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; tatpurusha: hasta + ābharaṇa = 'hand-ornament/bracelet'
uttamamexcellent
uttamam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootuttama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; qualifying hastābharaṇam
śrutvāhaving heard
śrutvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√śru (श्रु) + ktvā
FormAbsolutive/gerund (क्त्वा) = 'having heard'
rāvaṇavākyāniRavana's words
rāvaṇavākyāni:
Karma (कर्म) (object of śrutvā)
TypeNoun
Rootrāvaṇa-vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural; tatpurusha: rāvaṇa + vākya = 'Ravana's words'
sārathiḥthe charioteer
sārathiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsārathi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (appositional)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; pronoun
nyavartataturned back/withdrew
nyavartata:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni-√vṛt (वृत्)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, Singular, Ātmanepada

Fully satisfied with Charioteer's words, Ravana bestowed him with an excellent auspicious ornament of the hand. On hearing Ravana's words, the charioteer advanced the chariot.

R
Rāvaṇa
R
Rākṣasas
S
Sārathi (charioteer)

FAQs

The verse highlights the king’s recognition of service and the duty of an attendant to follow a lawful command: obedience to one’s role (svadharma) is affirmed, and merit is acknowledged through reward.

After earlier harsh words, Rāvaṇa becomes pleased with the charioteer’s response and command, rewards him with a hand-ornament, and the charioteer turns the chariot accordingly.

Professional duty and responsiveness: the charioteer promptly acts upon the king’s directive once it is given.