Shloka 89

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

इयं कुसुमसङ्घातैरुपस्तीर्णा सुखाकृता।स्वयं निपतितैर्भूमिश्शयनप्रस्तरैरिव।।।।

Transliteration

iyaṃ kusumasaṅghātair upastīrṇā sukhākṛtā |

svayaṃ nipatitair bhūmiḥ śayanaprastarair iva ||

Translation

Tanah ini, ditaburi gugusan bunga yang gugur dengan sendirinya, menjadi nyaman—bagaikan hamparan peraduan semula jadi tersusun daripada kepingan batu untuk berbaring.

Word by Word

• इयम्: this (ground/area)
• इयम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun

• कुसुम-सङ्घातैः: with heaps/bunches of flowers
• कुसुम-सङ्घातैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुसुम (प्रातिपदिक) + सङ्घात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (कुसुमानां सङ्घाताः)

• उपस्तीर्णा: spread over, strewn
• उपस्तीर्णा: Karma (कर्म/Patient; described state)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-स्तॄ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; passive sense agreeing with इयम्

• सुख-आकृता: made comfortable/pleasant
• सुख-आकृता: Karta (कर्ता/Predicate adjective of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुख (प्रातिपदिक) + आ-कृ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP) from आ√कृ; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (सुखं आकृता = made comfortable)

• स्वयम्: of itself, spontaneously
• स्वयम्: N/A (Avyaya)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• निपतितैः: fallen down
• निपतितैः: Karana (करण/Instrument; with)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि-पत् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; qualifies शयनप्रस्तरैः

• भूमिः: ground, earth
• भूमिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition to इयम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• शयन-प्रस्तरैः: with bed-like slabs (of stone)
• शयन-प्रस्तरैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शयन (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रस्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (शयनस्य प्रस्तराः = bed-like slabs)

• इव: like, as if
• इव: N/A (Avyaya)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमा-प्रदर्शक (particle of comparison)

Context

Entwined with flowering creepers the tree-tops are covered all over with rich loads of flowers.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse supports the Ramayana’s dharmic ideal of moderation: comfort exists in the world, yet Rāma does not indulge; he stays aligned with his righteous mission.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma, traveling in the Kishkindhā region during spring, describes the flower-strewn ground to Lakṣmaṇa while inwardly carrying the pain of separation.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Endurance (kṣānti) and commitment to truth (satya) and duty despite alluring ease.