Shloka 90

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

विविधा विविधैः पुष्पैस्तैरेव नगसानुषु।विकीर्णै पीतरक्ताहि सौमित्रे प्रस्तराः कृताः।।।।

Transliteration

vividhā vividhaiḥ puṣpais tair eva nagasānuṣu |

vikīrṇaiḥ pītaraktā hi saumitre prastarāḥ kṛtāḥ ||

Translation

Wahai Saumitri, di lereng-lereng gunung, bunga-bunga yang bertaburan itu—beraneka jenis, kuning dan merah—seakan-akan membentuk kepingan batu beraneka warna.

Word by Word

• विविधाः: various, many kinds
• विविधाः: Karta (कर्ता/Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; qualifies प्रस्तराः

• विविधैः: with various
• विविधैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; qualifies पुष्पैः

• पुष्पैः: with flowers
• पुष्पैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्प (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• तैः: with those
• तैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; demonstrative pronoun referring to flowers

• एव: indeed, alone
• एव: N/A (Avyaya)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; emphasis/limitation particle

• नग-सानुषु: on the mountain-slopes
• नग-सानुषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नग (प्रातिपदिक) + सानु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (नगस्य सानु = mountain-slope)

• विकीर्णैः: scattered, strewn
• विकीर्णैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-कॄ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; qualifies पुष्पैः (understood)

• पीत-रक्ताः: yellow and red
• पीत-रक्ताः: Karta (कर्ता/Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पीत (प्रातिपदिक) + रक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (पीताश्च रक्ताश्च) qualifying प्रस्तराः

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: N/A (Avyaya)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; causal/emphatic particle

• सौमित्रे: O Saumitri (Lakshmana)
• सौमित्रे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौमित्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• प्रस्तराः: slabs, beds (of stone/flowers)
• प्रस्तराः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रस्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• कृताः: made, formed
• कृताः: Karma (कर्म/Result state)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; passive/resultative agreeing with प्रस्तराः

Context

'O Saumitri! varieties of colourful flowers, some red and some yellow, are spread out on the mountain slopes.

Characters & Entities

• Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown through mindfulness without attachment: Rāma observes beauty, yet his moral center remains the search and protection of righteousness.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma points out spring’s colors on the hills to Lakṣmaṇa while they move through Kishkindhā seeking help and clues about Sītā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Focused awareness (smṛti) and perseverance in a just cause.