Valmiki Ramayana 2.99.40 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 99, Shloka 40

चित्रकूटप्राप्तिः

Bharata Reaches Chitrakuta and Beholds Rama

Devanagari script

शत्रुघ्नश्चापि रामस्य ववन्दे चरणौ रुदन्।तावुभौ स समालिङ्ग्य रामश्चाश्रूण्यवर्तयत्।।2.99.40।।

Transliteration

śatrughnaś cāpi rāmasya vavande caraṇau rudan |

tāv ubhau sa samāliṅgya rāmaś cāśrūṇy avartayat || 2.99.40 ||

Translation

Śatrughna juga, sambil menangis, bersujud di kaki Rāma; Rāma memeluk mereka berdua, dan baginda sendiri turut menitis air mata.

Word by Word

• śatrughnaḥ: Shatrughna
• śatrughnaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śatrughna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• api: also
• api: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि-कारार्थक-अव्यय (also)

• rāmasya: of Rama
• rāmasya: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• vavande: bowed to; saluted
• vavande: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vand (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• caraṇau: (the two) feet
• caraṇau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), द्विवचन

• rudan: weeping
• rudan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √rud (धातु); rudant (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• tau: those two
• tau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), द्विवचन; सर्वनाम

• ubhau: both
• ubhau: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ubha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), द्विवचन; विशेषण

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• samāliṅgya: having embraced
• samāliṅgya: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √liṅg/√āliṅg (धातु) + sam- (उपसर्ग); samāliṅgya (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive): 'having embraced'

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• aśrūṇi: tears
• aśrūṇi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aśru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• avartayat: shed; caused to flow
• avartayat: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vṛt (धातु) + ava- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; causative sense in context: 'made flow/shed'

Context

He also beheld large heaps of dried cakes of dung of buffaloes and deer for use against cold in the forest.

Characters & Entities

• Śatrughna
• Rama
• Bharata (implied by ‘both’)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma of reverence and familial devotion: Śatrughna honors Rama as elder and rightful exemplar; Rama responds with compassionate acceptance.

What is the narrative situation?

In the forest meeting, Śatrughna bows at Rama’s feet; Rama embraces the brothers and weeps.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Humility and love—prostration signifies respect; Rama’s tears show empathy and deep fraternal bond.