Valmiki Ramayana 2.91.14 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 91, Shloka 14

भरद्वाजाश्रमे भरतसैन्यस्य दिव्यात्मिथ्यम् / Divine Hospitality to Bharata’s Army at Bharadvaja’s Hermitage

Devanagari script

प्राक्स्रोतसश्च या नद्यः प्रत्यक्स्रोतस एव च।पृथिव्यामन्तरिक्षे च समायान्त्वद्य सर्वशः।।।।

Transliteration

prāk-srotasaś ca yā nadyaḥ pratyak-srotasa eva ca | pṛthivyām antarikṣe ca samāyāntv adya sarvaśaḥ || 2.91.14 ||

Translation

“Biarlah segala sungai—yang mengalir ke timur dan yang mengalir ke barat—sama ada di bumi atau di angkasa, datang hari ini dari segenap arah.”

Word by Word

• प्राक्स्रोतसः: east-flowing
• प्राक्स्रोतसः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राक्स्रोतस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन; नद्यः इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्; समासः प्राक् + स्रोतस् (कर्मधारय)

• च: and
• च: Samucchaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक

• याः: which/that
• याः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यद् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक-यत् (relative pronoun)

• नद्यः: rivers
• नद्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• प्रत्यक्स्रोतसः: west-flowing
• प्रत्यक्स्रोतसः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रत्यक्स्रोतस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; नद्यः इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्; समासः प्रत्यक् + स्रोतस् (कर्मधारय)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Emphasis (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphasis)

• च: and
• च: Samucchaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक

• पृथिव्याम्: on earth
• पृथिव्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन

• अन्तरिक्षे: in the sky/atmosphere
• अन्तरिक्षे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तरिक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samucchaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक

• समायान्तु: let them come together
• समायान्तु: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + आ + या (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• अद्य: today/now
• अद्य: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (time adverb)

• सर्वशः: from everywhere
• सर्वशः: Kriyā-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वशः (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार/दिशावाचक-अव्यय (adverb: ‘from all sides/in every way’)

Context

Let the rivers flowing towards the east, and the west, flowing on the earth and in the sky, flowing everywhere reach here and now.

Characters & Entities

• Rivers (nadyaḥ)
• Earth (pṛthivī)
• Bharadvaja

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma-driven generosity: nature’s abundance is summoned not for indulgence alone but to honor guests and uphold sacred hospitality.

What is the narrative situation?

As part of miraculous preparations, Bharadvāja calls rivers from all directions to supply what is needed.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Magnanimity—Bharadvāja seeks plentiful provisions to serve many (Bharata and the army).