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Shloka 3

द्विचत्वारिंशः सर्गः — दशरथस्य शोक-विलापः तथा कौशल्यागृह-प्रवेशः

Dasaratha’s Lament and Return to Kausalya’s Apartments

न पश्यति रजोऽप्यस्य यदा रामस्य भूमिपः।तदाऽऽर्तश्च विषण्णश्च पपात धरणीतले।।।।

na paśyati rajo 'py asya yadā rāmasya bhūmipaḥ |

tadā 'rtaś ca viṣaṇṇaś ca papāta dharaṇītale ||

Apabila raja tidak dapat melihat walau setitik debu yang terbang kerana Rāma, maka baginda dilanda dukacita dan putus asa, lalu rebah ke bumi.

nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable (अव्यय); negation
paśyatisees
paśyati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√paś (पश्)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada
rajaḥdust
rajaḥ:
Karma (कर्म) of "paśyati"
TypeNoun
Rootrajas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
apieven
api:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable (अव्यय); particle (even/also)
asyaof him
asya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
yadāwhen
yadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadā (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable (अव्यय); temporal adverb
rāmasyaof Rama
rāmasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
bhūmipaḥthe king
bhūmipaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) of "papāta" (and "paśyati")
TypeNoun
Rootbhūmipa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable (अव्यय); temporal adverb
ārtaḥdistressed
ārtaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of "bhūmipaḥ"
TypeAdjective
Rootārta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sam uccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable (अव्यय); conjunction
viṣaṇṇaḥdespondent
viṣaṇṇaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of "bhūmipaḥ"
TypeAdjective
Rootviṣaṇṇa (कृदन्त; √sad (सद्) with vi-, क्त/न)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); adjectival past participial formation
caand
ca:
Sam uccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable (अव्यय); conjunction
papātafell
papāta:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√pat (पत्)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada
dharaṇī-taleon the ground
dharaṇī-tale:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdharaṇī (प्रातिपदिक) + tala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: "surface of the earth"

When the king could no longer see even the dust, he fell on the ground, despondent and grief- stricken.

D
Daśaratha
R
Rāma

FAQs

The verse illustrates the karmic and ethical weight of decisions: once dharma is set aside and the righteous are sent away, suffering arises immediately and uncontrollably.

As Rāma departs, Daśaratha watches until even the dust is no longer visible; the finality breaks him and he collapses.

Rāma’s belovedness and moral centrality are emphasized indirectly—Daśaratha’s collapse shows how integral Rāma is to his life and to the kingdom’s stability.