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Shloka 23

एकोनचत्वारिंशः सर्गः

Dasaratha’s Lament, Sumantra’s Commission, and Sita’s Vow of Marital Dharma

न कुलं न कृतं विद्या न दत्तं नापि सङ्ग्रहः।स्त्रीणां गृह्णाति हृदयमनित्यहृदया हि ताः।।2.39.23।।

na kulaṁ na kṛtaṁ vidyā na dattaṁ nāpi saṅgrahaḥ |

strīṇāṁ gṛhṇāti hṛdayam anityahṛdayā hi tāḥ || 2.39.23 ||

Bukan keturunan, bukan jasa lampau, bukan ilmu, bukan pemberian, bahkan harta terkumpul pun tidak meraih hati wanita; kerana hati mereka sesungguhnya tidak tetap.

nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-निपात)
kulaṃfamily/lineage
kulaṃ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkula (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-निपात)
kṛtaṃservice done/benefit received
kṛtaṃ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛta (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from √kṛ)
FormPast passive participle used substantively; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-निपात)
vidyālearning/education
vidyā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvidyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-निपात)
dattaṃgift given
dattaṃ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdatta (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from √dā)
FormPast passive participle used substantively; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-निपात)
apieven
api:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), ‘even’
saṅgrahaḥaccumulation/wealth
saṅgrahaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṅgraha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
strīṇāmof women
strīṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural (बहुवचन)
gṛhṇāticaptures/attracts
gṛhṇāti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√grah (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
hṛdayamheart
hṛdayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roothṛdaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)
anitya-hṛdayāḥfickle-hearted
anitya-hṛdayāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanitya + hṛdaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); karmadhāraya: ‘anityaṃ hṛdayaṃ yāsām’ (fickle-hearted)
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/निश्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), emphasis/indeed
tāḥthey (those women)
tāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

Neither family traditions nor benefits received, nor education nor affection nor gifts nor even accumulated wealth attract women's hearts. Their minds are unstable indeed.

S
Sītā

FAQs

The implied ethical teaching is to anchor one’s conduct not in material incentives or social advantages but in steadfast Dharma—constancy and truth of commitment.

The verse belongs to a set of admonitions delivered in the tense moment around exile, aiming to strengthen Sītā’s resolve toward faithful companionship.

Steadfastness (niṣṭhā) rather than attachment to wealth, status, or comfort.