Shloka 9

एकोनविंशः सर्गः (Sarga 19): Rāma’s Unshaken Acceptance of Exile and Kaikeyī’s Urgency

Devanagari script

तदाश्वासय हीमं त्वं किन्विदं यन्महीपतिः।वसुधासक्तनयनो मन्दमश्रूणि मुञ्चति।।2.19.9।।

Transliteration

tad āśvāsaya hīmaṃ tvaṃ kim idaṃ yan mahīpatiḥ | vasudhā-sakta-nayano mandam aśrūṇi muñcati || 2.19.9 ||

Translation

Maka, hendaklah engkau menenangkan baginda. Mengapakah raja, dengan pandangan terpaku ke bumi, menitis air mata perlahan-lahan?

Word by Word

• तत्: therefore/that
• तत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (here: ‘that/therefore’)

• आश्वासय: console
• आश्वासय: Vidhi (विधि/आज्ञा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-श्वस् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; causative sense ‘make (him) calm/comfort’

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic/causal particle)

• इमम्: this (man)/him
• इमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• किम्: why/what
• किम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative particle)

• नु: indeed (question particle)
• नु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nu (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्न/अनुनयार्थक निपात (interrogative/emphatic particle)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• यत्: that (which)
• यत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बन्धबोधक-अव्यय (relative particle ‘that/which’)

• महीपतिः: the king
• महीपतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महीपति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः मही + पति (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: ‘महेः पतिः’)

• वसुधासक्तनयनः: with eyes fixed on the ground
• वसुधासक्तनयनः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वसुधा + आसक्त + नयन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः वसुधायाम् आसक्ते नयने यस्य (बहुव्रीह्यर्थे प्रयोगः, परन्तु रूपतः तत्पुरुष-समास-श्रृङ्खला)

• मन्दम्: slowly
• मन्दम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: manda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण द्वितीया एकवचन (adverbial accusative)

• अश्रूणि: tears
• अश्रूणि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aśru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• मुञ्चति: sheds; lets fall
• मुञ्चति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

Please console him. Why is it that the king with his eyes fixed upon the ground is shedding tears drop by drop?

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Kauśalyā
• Daśaratha (mahīpati)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes compassion and caretaking within family: even while accepting duty, Rāma urges emotional support for the grieving king.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma notices Daśaratha’s visible sorrow and asks his mother to comfort him, seeking the reason for the king’s tears.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Empathy and filial concern: Rāma remains attentive to his father’s suffering.