Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 16, Shloka 26

सुमन्त्रदर्शनम् तथा रामस्य राजदर्शनाय प्रस्थानम्

Sumantra Meets Rama; Rama Departs to See the King

Devanagari script

पर्वतादिव निष्क्रम्य सिंहो गिरिगुहाशयः।लक्ष्मणं द्वारिसोऽपश्यत्प्रह्वाञ्जलिपुटं स्थितम्।।।।

Transliteration

parvatād iva niṣkramya siṁho giriguhāśayaḥ |

lakṣmaṇaṁ dvāriso'paśyat prahvāñjalipuṭaṁ sthitam || 2.16.26 ||

Translation

Bagaikan singa keluar dari gua di gunung, tatkala Rāma melangkah keluar, baginda melihat Lakṣmaṇa berdiri di ambang pintu dengan tangan dirapatkan, tunduk penuh hormat.

Word by Word

• parvatāt: from a mountain
• parvatāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parvata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Pañcamī Ekavacana

• iva: as if/like
• iva: Upamā (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Comparative particle

• niṣkramya: having come out
• niṣkramya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nis- + √kram (क्रम्) (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive (ल्यप्), having gone out

• siṃhaḥ: lion
• siṃhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (upamā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: siṃha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana

• giriguhāśayaḥ: dwelling in a mountain cave
• giriguhāśayaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: giri (प्रातिपदिक) + guhā (प्रातिपदिक) + āśaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: giriguhāyām āśayaḥ (dwelling in a mountain-cave)

• lakṣmaṇam: Lakshmana
• lakṣmaṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā Ekavacana

• dvāri: at the door
• dvāri: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga, Saptamī Ekavacana

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Prathamā Ekavacana

• apaśyat: saw
• apaśyat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश्) (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ Imperfect, Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa Ekavacana

• prahva-añjalipuṭam: bowed with folded hands
• prahva-añjalipuṭam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prahva (प्रातिपदिक) + añjalipuṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā Ekavacana; karmadhāraya: prahvaḥ (bowed) añjalipuṭaḥ (folded hands)

• sthitam: standing
• sthitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √sthā (स्था) (धातु)
• Form: Kta past participle, Puṃliṅga Dvitīyā Ekavacana; qualifies lakṣmaṇam

Context

Like a lion living in a mountain cave and coming out of it, Rama while exiting, saw Lakshmana at the entrance bowing with folded hands.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• dvāra (entrance)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is respectful service within family hierarchy: Lakṣmaṇa’s reverent posture embodies devoted attendance upon the elder brother as rightful guide.

What is the narrative situation?

As Rāma exits his residence, he encounters Lakṣmaṇa waiting at the entrance, respectfully greeting him with joined palms.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Lakṣmaṇa’s bhakti and sevā (devoted service), expressed through humility and readiness.