Shloka 49

सत्यपाशः

Kaikeyi’s Demand and the Noose of the King’s Promise

Devanagari script

वेदास्सहाङ्गविद्याश्च यथाह्यात्मभुवं विभुम्।।।ब्रह्माणं बोधयन्त्यद्य तथा त्वां बोधयाम्यहम्।

Transliteration

vedāḥ sahāṅgavidyāś ca yathā hy ātmabhuvaṃ vibhum |

brahmāṇaṃ bodhayanty adya tathā tvāṃ bodhayāmy aham ||

Translation

Sebagaimana pada hari ini Veda—berserta ilmu-ilmu Vedāṅga—membangunkan Brahmā yang Swayambhū, Yang Maha Perkasa, demikianlah aku membangunkan tuanku.

Word by Word

• vedāḥ: the Vedas
• vedāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: veda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• saha-aṅgavidyāḥ: (together with) the Vedāṅga-knowledges
• saha-aṅgavidyāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saha (अव्यय) + aṅgavidyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (Avyayībhāva) with saha ‘together with’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya-dyotaka (समुच्चय-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय (conjunction): ‘and’

• yathā: as
• yathā: Upamāna-dyotaka (उपमान-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, उपमा/तुलना-बोधक: ‘as’

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha-dyotaka (सम्बन्ध-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निपात (emphatic particle): ‘indeed’

• ātmabhuvam: the self-born
• ātmabhuvam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātmabhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of brahmāṇam: ‘self-born’

• vibhum: the lord
• vibhum: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vibhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of brahmāṇam: ‘the mighty/lord’

• brahmāṇam: Brahmā
• brahmāṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• bodhayanti: awaken/rouse
• bodhayanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: budh (धातु)
• Form: णिच् (causative), लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन

• adya: today
• adya: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, कालवाचक (temporal adverb): ‘today/now’

• tathā: so
• tathā: Prakāra-adhikaraṇa (प्रकाराधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रकारवाचक: ‘so/in that way’

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन

• bodhayāmi: I awaken
• bodhayāmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: budh (धातु)
• Form: णिच् (causative), लट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, उत्तम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

Just as the Vedas and Vedangas awaken the selfborn lord Brahma, so do I awaken you.

Characters & Entities

• Sumantra
• Daśaratha
• Vedas
• Vedāṅgas
• Brahmā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is alignment with sacred order: as revelation (Veda) regulates cosmic rhythm, a king too should rise and act in harmony with truth-guided duty.

What is the narrative situation?

Sumantra continues his dawn awakening hymn, invoking Vedic imagery to rouse Daśaratha.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reverence for śāstra (sacred knowledge) and using it responsibly in counsel.