Shloka 20

पादुकाप्रदानम्

The Gift of the Sandals and Delegated Kingship

Devanagari script

एवं ब्रुवाणं भरतः कौसल्यासुतमब्रवीत्।तेजसाऽऽदित्यसङ्काशं प्रतिपच्चन्द्रदर्शनम्।।2.112.20।।

Transliteration

evaṃ bruvāṇaṃ bharataḥ kausalyāsutam abravīt |

tejasā ādityasaṅkāśaṃ pratipaccandra-darśanam || 2.112.20 ||

Translation

Tatkala Rāma berkata demikian, Bharata menjawab putera Kausalyā—bercahaya laksana matahari dalam keagungan, dan lembut pada rupa bagaikan bulan sabit yang baru muncul.

Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारार्थक-अव्यय (adverb: thus)

• bruvāṇam: speaking
• bruvāṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √brū (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (शतृ; present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; refers to कौसल्यासुतम्

• bharataḥ: Bharata
• bharataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• kausalyā-sutam: the son of Kausalya (Rama)
• kausalyā-sutam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kausalyā (प्रातिपदिक) + suta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः तत्पुरुषः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: कौसल्यायाः सुतः); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• abravīt: said/spoke
• abravīt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √brū (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• tejasā: with brilliance
• tejasā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tejas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; हेतौ/साधने (by/with brilliance)

• āditya-saṅkāśam: sun-like
• āditya-saṅkāśam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āditya (प्रातिपदिक) + saṅkāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः तत्पुरुषः (उपमान-तत्पुरुष: आदित्य इव सङ्काशः); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; refers to Rama

• pratipat-candra-darśanam: having the appearance of the new moon
• pratipat-candra-darśanam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pratipat (प्रातिपदिक) + candra (प्रातिपदिक) + darśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः तत्पुरुषः (प्रथमा/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध: प्रतिपदि चन्द्रस्य दर्शनम्; 'new-moon appearance'); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; refers to Rama (as object described)

Context

On hearing this, Bharata replied to the son of Kausalya who looked like the Sun or the new Moon in brilliance:

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rama
• Kausalya
• Aditya (Sun)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse frames Rama’s presence as both powerful and gentle, suggesting the dharmic ideal of leadership: strength (to uphold order) balanced with compassion and restraint.

What is the narrative situation?

After Rama’s preceding words, the narration transitions to Bharata’s response, setting the stage for Bharata’s request regarding the sandals and the governance of Ayodhyā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s virtue of maryādā—measured righteousness—is emphasized through imagery combining solar brilliance with lunar gentleness.