Valmiki Ramayana 2.103.13 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 103, Shloka 13

पिण्डदानदर्शनम्

The Queens Behold Rama’s Śrāddha Offering

Devanagari script

अतो दुःखतरं लोके न किञ्चित्प्रतिभाति मा।यत्र रामः पितुर्दद्यादिङ्गुदिक्षोदमृद्धिमान्।।2.103.13।।

Transliteration

ato duḥkhataraṁ loke na kiñcit pratibhāti mā |

yatra rāmaḥ pitur dadyād iṅgudikṣodam ṛddhimān || 2.103.13 ||

Translation

Tiada yang lebih menyayat hati bagiku di dunia ini selain ini: Rāma, yang dahulu berkelimpahan, kini harus mempersembahkan kepada ayahandanya kuih daripada iṅgudī yang ditumbuk lumat.

Word by Word

• ataḥ: therefore/than this
• ataḥ: Hetu (हेतु; causal marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Ablatival adverb (तस्मात्-अर्थे अव्यय)

• duḥkhataraṃ: more painful
• duḥkhataraṃ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + tara (तरप्)
• Form: Napumsaka, Nominative/Accusative Singular; comparative degree (तर) used predicatively with kiñcit

• loke: in the world
• loke: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; sentence negator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle

• kiñcit: anything
• kiñcit: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kiṃcid (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Nominative/Accusative Singular; subject of pratibhāti

• pratibhāti: appears/seems
• pratibhāti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati-bhā (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (present), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• me: to me
• me: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान; experiencer/recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; experiencer with pratibhāti

• yatra: where/when
• yatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; relative locus)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Relative adverb (सम्बन्ध-अव्यय)

• rāmaḥ: Rāma
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• pituḥ: to (his) father
• pituḥ: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Dative/Genitive Singular; here Dative sense (to father)

• dadyāt: should give/offer
• dadyāt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: Vidhiliṅ-lakāra (विधिलिङ्; optative), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• iṅgudi-kṣodam: ingudi-cake/meal
• iṅgudi-kṣodam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: iṅgudi-kṣoda (प्रातिपदिक; इङ्गुदि + क्षोद)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• ṛddhimān: prosperous
• ṛddhimān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ṛddhi-mant (प्रातिपदिक; ऋद्धि + मन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; adjective qualifying rāmaḥ (formerly prosperous)

Context

Rama (who was once) highly prosperous, had to offer the cake of ingudi pulp to his father. Nothing appears more painful to me than this in this world.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma persists despite loss of status: Rāma’s adherence to duty in poverty underscores that righteousness is not dependent on wealth or royal resources.

What is the narrative situation?

The queens witness the austere offering and express that this reversal—Rāma’s reduced circumstances while serving his father’s rites—is the sharpest pain.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadfast duty (niṣṭhā): Rāma performs the rite properly even when circumstances force simplicity.