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Shloka 54

शततमः सर्गः — Rāma Questions Bharata on Rājadharma

Governance, Counsel, and Public Welfare

आयस्ते विपुलः कच्चित्कच्चिदल्पतरो व्ययः।अपात्रेषु न ते कच्चित्कोशो गच्छति राघव।।।।

āyas te vipulaḥ kaccit kaccid alpataro vyayaḥ | apātreṣu na te kaccit kośo gacchati rāghava ||

Wahai Rāghava (Bharata), adakah hasil pendapatanmu melimpah dan perbelanjaanmu terkawal? Dan adakah engkau memastikan perbendaharaan diraja tidak dibazirkan kepada yang tidak layak?

āyaḥrevenue, income
āyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootāya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)
teyour
te:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī vibhakti (Genitive/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)
vipulaḥabundant, ample
vipulaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootvipula (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa of āyaḥ
kaccitI hope; is it the case that...?
kaccit:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle to clause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkaccit (अव्यय)
FormInterrogative particle (praśna-nipāta/प्रश्ननिपात), expressing anxious inquiry/hope
kaccitI hope; is it the case that...?
kaccit:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle to clause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkaccit (अव्यय)
FormInterrogative particle (praśna-nipāta/प्रश्ननिपात)
alpatarāḥsmaller, less
alpatarāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootalpatara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन); comparative (-tara), viśeṣaṇa of vyayaḥ
vyayaḥexpenditure
vyayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvyaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)
apātreṣuamong the undeserving
apātreṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location-context)
TypeNoun
Rootapātra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Saptamī vibhakti (Locative/सप्तमी), Bahuvacana (Plural/बहुवचन)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation to verb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (niṣedha/निषेध)
teyour
te:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī vibhakti (Genitive/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)
kaccitI hope; is it the case that...?
kaccit:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle to clause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkaccit (अव्यय)
FormInterrogative particle (praśna-nipāta/प्रश्ननिपात)
kośaḥtreasury
kośaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkośa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)
gacchatigoes, is spent/flows
gacchati:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (गम् धातु)
FormLaṭ lakāra (Present/लट्), Prathama puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
rāghavaO Rāghava (Bharata)
rāghava:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootrāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Sambodhana (Vocative/सम्बोधन), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)

O Bharata, I trust, your revenues are abundant and expenditure much less. I trust you do not give away your treasure to undeserving persons.

R
Rāghava (Bharata)

FAQs

A king’s dharma includes fiscal restraint and just distribution: wealth should be protected and used for worthy purposes, not wasted on unfit recipients.

Rama questions Bharata about the health of the kingdom’s administration, focusing on responsible governance and protection of state resources.

Rajadharma—prudence, integrity, and discernment in public finance and patronage.