Valmiki Ramayana 2.1.15: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 1, Shloka 15

गुणप्रशंसा–युवराजनिर्णयः

Praise of Rama’s Virtues and the Decision on the Heir-Apparent

Devanagari script

सानुक्रोशो जितक्रोधो ब्राह्मणप्रतिपूजकः।दीनानुकम्पी धर्मज्ञो नित्यं प्रग्रहवांश्चुचिः।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.1.15

Transliteration

sānukrośo jita-krodho brāhmaṇa-pratipūjakaḥ | dīnānukampī dharmajño nityaṃ pragrahavāṃś śuciḥ ||

Translation

Baginda berbelas kasih, menaklukkan amarah, serta memuliakan para brāhmaṇa; Baginda mengasihani yang menderita, mengetahui dharma, sentiasa menahan diri dan suci.

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Word by Word

• सानुक्रोशः: compassionate
• सानुक्रोशः: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-अनुक्रोश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: अनुक्रोशः यस्य सः

• जितक्रोधः: one who has conquered anger
• जितक्रोधः: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित-क्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समास: क्रोधं जितः (द्वितीया-तत्पुरुष)

• ब्राह्मणप्रतिपूजकः: one who honors brahmins
• ब्राह्मणप्रतिपूजकः: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण-प्रति-पूजक (प्रातिपदिक; √पूज्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समास: ब्राह्मणान् प्रति पूजकः (उपपद-तत्पुरुष)

• दीनानुकम्पी: compassionate to the distressed
• दीनानुकम्पी: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीन-अनुकम्पिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समास: दीनान् अनुकम्पते (उपपद-तत्पुरुष)

• धर्मज्ञः: knower of dharma
• धर्मज्ञः: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म-ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समास: धर्मं जानाति (उपपद-तत्पुरुष)

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय

• प्रग्रहवान्: self-restrained
• प्रग्रहवान्: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रग्रहवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त

• शुचिः: pure
• शुचिः: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

He was kind-hearted and compassionate to the distressed, cool-headed and righteous. A worshipper of brahmins he was always self-restrained and pure in spirit.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• brāhmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as inner governance: compassion, restraint, and reverence for spiritual learning uphold righteousness more than mere power or status.

What is the narrative situation?

The narrator continues enumerating Rāma’s virtues as an ideal prince and future ruler.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Karunā (compassion) and dama (self-control), especially the conquest of anger.