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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 89

Kṛṣṇādi-mantra-varga-varṇana

Classification of Krishna and Related Mantras

कृष्णेति द्व्यक्षरः प्रोक्तः कामादिः स्यात्त्रिवर्णकः । सैव ङेंतो युगार्णः स्यात्कृष्णाय नम इत्यपि ॥ ८९ ॥

kṛṣṇeti dvyakṣaraḥ proktaḥ kāmādiḥ syāttrivarṇakaḥ | saiva ṅeṃto yugārṇaḥ syātkṛṣṇāya nama ityapi || 89 ||

“Kṛṣṇa” dinyatakan sebagai nama dua suku kata. Bīja yang bermula dengan “kāma” mempunyai tiga fonem. Rumus yang sama, apabila diakhiri dengan bentuk datif (akhiran ṅe), menjadi mantra dua kata juga, iaitu “kṛṣṇāya namaḥ” (sujud kepada Kṛṣṇa).

kṛṣṇa‘kṛṣṇa’
kṛṣṇa:
Viṣaya (विषय/उद्धृतपद)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (quoted form as mantra-element)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (उद्धरणचिह्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; quotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)
dvi-akṣaraḥtwo-syllabled
dvi-akṣaraḥ:
Vidheyaviśeṣaṇa (विधेयविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvi + akṣara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘dvi akṣaraḥ’ (two-syllabled)
proktaḥis declared
proktaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (वच् धातु) + kta (कृत्प्रत्यय)
Formक्त-कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; used predicatively ‘is said’
kāma-ādiḥ(the form) beginning with ‘kāma’
kāma-ādiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkāma + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘kāmaḥ ādiḥ yasya’ / ‘beginning with kāma’ (as a series/seed)
syātmay be / is to be
syāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (अस् धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
tri-varṇakaḥthree-lettered
tri-varṇakaḥ:
Vidheyaviśeṣaṇa (विधेयविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottri + varṇaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘tri varṇakaḥ’ (three-lettered)
that (same)
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; emphatic particle (निश्चय/अवधारण)
ṅeṃtaḥ(called) ṅeṃta-ending
ṅeṃtaḥ:
Vidheyaviśeṣaṇa (विधेयविशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootṅeṃta (प्रातिपदिक; mantra-technical term)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; technical designation (mantra ending with ṅeṃ)
yuga-arṇaḥyuga-syllabled (technical count)
yuga-arṇaḥ:
Vidheyaviśeṣaṇa (विधेयविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootyuga + arṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘yugasya arṇaḥ’ / ‘having yuga-count of syllables’ (technical)
syātmay be / is to be
syāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (अस् धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
kṛṣṇāyato Kṛṣṇa
kṛṣṇāya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th case), एकवचन
namaḥsalutation
namaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बोधन/नमस्कार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnamas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् प्रयोग; interjection/particle of salutation (नमः-प्रयोग)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (उद्धरणचिह्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; quotative particle
apialso
api:
Sambandha (समुच्चय/अपि)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; particle (अपि = also/even)

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada on mantra/phonetics within Vedanga-Vyakarana framing)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

K
Krishna

FAQs

It presents devotion in a technically precise way: the sacred name “Kṛṣṇa” and the salutation formula “kṛṣṇāya namaḥ” are treated as mantras whose power is preserved through correct phonetic and grammatical formation.

Bhakti here is expressed as nāma-japa and namaskāra—addressing the Lord directly in the dative (“unto Kṛṣṇa”) and offering reverent surrender (“namaḥ”), showing devotion grounded in proper mantra usage.

Vyākaraṇa and mantra-śāstra: it notes syllable/phoneme counting (akṣara/varṇa) and the use of the dative case ending (ṅe-ending, -āya) in forming a correct devotional mantra.