Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 90

The Explanation of Sandhyā and Related Daily Observances

Saṅdhyā-ādi Nitya-karma-Vidhi

Devanagari script

प्रद्युम्नः प्रीतिसंयुक्तोऽनिरुद्धो रतिसंयुतः । चक्री जयायुतः पश्चाद्गदी दुर्गासमन्वितः ॥ ९० ॥

Transliteration

pradyumnaḥ prītisaṃyukto'niruddho ratisaṃyutaḥ | cakrī jayāyutaḥ paścādgadī durgāsamanvitaḥ || 90 ||

Translation

Pradyumna bersatu dengan Prīti (kasih sayang), dan Aniruddha bersatu dengan Rati (kegembiraan). Sesudah itu, Pemegang Cakra (Viṣṇu) diiringi Jayā (kemenangan), dan Pemegang Gada diiringi Durgā (kuasa pelindung).

Word by Word

• pradyumnaḥ: Pradyumna
• pradyumnaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject) (elliptical)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pradyumna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1st), Singular (एकवचन)

• prīti-saṃyuktaḥ: united with love/affection
• prīti-saṃyuktaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of pradyumnaḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prīti (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃyukta (कृदन्त; √yuj (धातु) with sam- ‘to join’)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1st), Singular (एकवचन); PPP used adjectivally; समासः तृतीया-तत्पुरुषः (prītyā saṃyuktaḥ)

• aniruddhaḥ: Aniruddha
• aniruddhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject) (elliptical)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aniruddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1st), Singular (एकवचन)

• rati-saṃyutaḥ: joined with desire/pleasure (Rati)
• rati-saṃyutaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of aniruddhaḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rati (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃyuta (कृदन्त; √yuj (धातु) with sam-)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1st), Singular (एकवचन); PPP used adjectivally; समासः तृतीया-तत्पुरुषः (ratyā saṃyutaḥ)

• cakrī: the discus-bearer
• cakrī: Karta (कर्ता/Subject) (elliptical)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cakrin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1st), Singular (एकवचन); -in stem; ‘one who has a discus’

• jayā-yutaḥ: accompanied by Jayā
• jayā-yutaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of cakrī
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jayā (प्रातिपदिक) + yuta (कृदन्त; √yuj (धातु))
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1st), Singular (एकवचन); PPP used adjectivally; समासः तृतीया-तत्पुरुषः (jayāyā yutaḥ / jayāyā saha)

• paścāt: afterwards
• paścāt: Kāla/krama (काल/क्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: paścāt (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (काल/क्रमवाचक अव्यय)

• gadī: the mace-bearer
• gadī: Karta (कर्ता/Subject) (elliptical)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gadin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1st), Singular (एकवचन); -in stem; ‘one who has a mace’

• durgā-samanvitaḥ: accompanied by Durgā
• durgā-samanvitaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of gadī
• Type: Adjective
• Root: durgā (प्रातिपदिक) + samanvita (कृदन्त; √i (धातु) with sam-anu- ‘to accompany’)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1st), Singular (एकवचन); PPP used adjectivally; समासः तृतीया-तत्पुरुषः (durgayā samanvitaḥ)

Speaker

Narada (teaching within the Purva Bhaga dialogue tradition, typically framed with Sanatkumara interlocutors)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Pradyumna
• Prīti
• Aniruddha
• Rati
• Vishnu
• Jayā
• Durgā

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It maps divine aspects to their corresponding śaktis (powers/consorts), teaching that Vishnu’s manifestations operate together with specific inner qualities like affection (Prīti) and delight (Rati), and protective-victorious powers like Jayā and Durgā.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is presented as relational and integrated: devotion to Vishnu’s forms (Vyūhas) is simultaneously devotion to the divine qualities and powers that accompany them, encouraging worship that includes virtues (prīti, rati) and reliance on protection and victory (durgā, jayā).

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

The verse reflects a technical, list-based liturgical method used in ritual recitation and mantra practice—pairing deities with associated śaktis—useful for structured worship (nyāsa/saṅkalpa-style enumerations) rather than grammar or astrology specifically.