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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 57

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

द्वात्रिंशद्धातवः प्रोक्ता विप्रेन्द्र स्वादिके गणे । स्वरितेतः षङाख्यातास्तुदाद्या मुनिसत्तम ॥ ५७ ॥

dvātriṃśaddhātavaḥ proktā viprendra svādike gaṇe | svaritetaḥ ṣaṅākhyātāstudādyā munisattama || 57 ||

Wahai brahmana yang terbaik, dalam gaṇa Svādi diajarkan tiga puluh dua dhātu (akar kata kerja); dan wahai resi termulia, bermula dari Tudādi, enam kelas kata kerja dinyatakan sebagai bertanda aksen “svarita” menurut ketetapan.

dvātriṃśatthirty-two
dvātriṃśat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvātriṃśat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral adjective (संख्याविशेषण), indeclinable-like numeral stem; used with plural noun
dhātavaḥroots (verbal roots)
dhātavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdhātu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
proktāḥhave been stated
proktāḥ:
Karma (कर्म) / Predicative (विधेय)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच् धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle (कर्मणि भूतकृदन्त/क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural; agrees with dhātavaḥ
vipra-indraO lord of Brahmins
vipra-indra:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular; tatpuruṣa: ‘viprāṇām indraḥ’
svādikein the Svādi (group)
svādike:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvādika (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; qualifying gaṇe
gaṇein the class/group
gaṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
svarita-itaḥfrom (the) svarita
svarita-itaḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvarita (प्रातिपदिक) + itaḥ (अव्यय, from √i/इ)
FormAvyayībhāva adverbial: ‘svaritāt itaḥ’ = ‘from the svarita (accent)’; indeclinable (अव्यय)
ṣaṭsix
ṣaṭ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootṣaṭ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral adjective (संख्याविशेषण), used with plural participle
ākhyātāḥare declared/mentioned
ākhyātāḥ:
Karma (कर्म) / Predicative (विधेय)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√khyā (ख्या धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle (कर्मणि भूतकृदन्त/क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
tudādyāḥ(those) beginning with tud (tudādi roots)
tudādyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottudādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; ‘tud-ādi’ = beginning with √tud
muni-sattamaO best of sages
muni-sattama:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक) + sattama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular; tatpuruṣa: ‘munīnām sattamaḥ’

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a Vedanga/Vyakarana context)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

N
Narada
S
Sanatkumara

FAQs

It frames Vyākaraṇa (grammar) as a disciplined Vedic science: precise knowledge of roots, groups (gaṇa), and accent (svara) supports correct recitation and understanding of śāstra, which in turn safeguards dharma and aids the seeker’s progress toward mokṣa.

Indirectly: by emphasizing correct verbal forms and accent, it supports accurate mantra and stotra usage—key tools in Viṣṇu-bhakti practice—so that devotional recitation aligns with śāstric precision.

Vedāṅga knowledge of Vyākaraṇa and Śikṣā: classification of dhātus into gaṇas (here Svādi) and the role of svara (svarita) in describing/marking grammatical or recitational features, along with reference to verb-class organization beginning with Tudādi.