Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 15

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

स्वामीश्वरोधिपतिभिः साक्षिदायादसूतकैः । निर्धारणे द्वे विभक्ती षष्टी हेतुप्रयोगके ॥ १५ ॥

Transliteration

svāmīśvarodhipatibhiḥ sākṣidāyādasūtakaiḥ | nirdhāraṇe dve vibhaktī ṣaṣṭī hetuprayogake || 15 ||

Translation

Dengan kata-kata seperti “svāmī” (tuan), “īśvara” (Tuhan), “adhipati” (penguasa agung), “sākṣī” (saksi), “dāyāda” (waris), dan “sūtaka” (orang dalam keadaan tidak suci secara ritual), dalam ungkapan penentuan khusus (nirdhāraṇa) digunakan dua jenis vibhakti. Namun dalam penggunaan sebab (hetu), vibhakti keenam (ṣaṣṭhī, genitif) dipakai.

Word by Word

• स्वामि-ईश्वर-अधिपतिभिः: by/with masters, lords, and rulers
• स्वामि-ईश्वर-अधिपतिभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वामिन् (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक) + अधिपति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्वसमासः (स्वामी च ईश्वरश्च अधिपतिश्च); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• साक्षि-दायाद-असूतकैः: by/with witnesses, heirs, and those not in impurity
• साक्षि-दायाद-असूतकैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साक्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक) + दायाद (प्रातिपदिक) + असूतक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्वसमासः (साक्षी च दायादश्च असूतकश्च); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन

• निर्धारणे: in the sense of selection (nirdhāraṇa)
• निर्धारणे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निर्धारण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अर्थ-निर्देशे (in the sense of selection/partition)

• द्वे: two
• द्वे: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन; संख्या-विशेषणम्

• विभक्ती: case-endings/cases
• विभक्ती: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विभक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन

• षष्ठी: the genitive (6th case)
• षष्ठी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: षष्ठी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विभक्तिनाम (6th case)

• हेतु-प्रयोगके: in causal usage (hetu-prayoga)
• हेतु-प्रयोगके: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हेतु (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रयोगक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (हेतोः प्रयोगकः); पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अर्थ-निर्देशे

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It shows that Moksha-dharma instruction in the Narada Purana includes disciplined speech (śabda-śuddhi): correct grammatical usage supports clarity in dharma and scriptural understanding.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: bhakti is nourished by accurate comprehension of śāstra; this verse emphasizes linguistic precision so that teachings about God, duty, and purity are not misunderstood.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa (grammar): it notes case-governance—certain nouns allow two vibhaktis in specification, while genitive (ṣaṣṭhī) is used when expressing a cause (hetu-prayoga).