Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 2

Pūrṇimā Pūrṇa-vratas: Dharmarāja-vrata, Vaṭa-Sāvitrī-vrata, and Gopadma-vrata

Devanagari script

चैत्रपूर्णा तु विप्रेंद्र मन्वादिः समुदाहृता । अस्यां सान्नोदकं कुंभं प्रदद्यात्सोमतुष्टये ॥ २ ॥

Transliteration

caitrapūrṇā tu vipreṃdra manvādiḥ samudāhṛtā | asyāṃ sānnodakaṃ kuṃbhaṃ pradadyātsomatuṣṭaye || 2 ||

Translation

Wahai yang terbaik di antara brāhmaṇa, hari purnama bulan Caitra dinyatakan sebagai permulaan kitaran Manvantara. Pada hari itu hendaklah didermakan sebuah tempayan air (kumbha) yang diisi air bercampur makanan yang telah dimasak, demi menyenangkan Soma (Dewa Bulan).

Word by Word

• caitra-pūrṇā: the Caitra full-moon (rite)
• caitra-pūrṇā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caitra (प्रातिपदिक) + pūrṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; name of a full-moon observance in Caitra

• tu: indeed/and
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; particle (तु) indicating contrast/emphasis

• vipra-indra: O chief of brāhmaṇas
• vipra-indra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vipra (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular; “O best of brāhmaṇas”

• manu-ādiḥ: Manu and others
• manu-ādiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manu (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; “Manu and others” (collective singular)

• samudāhṛtā: is proclaimed/mentioned
• samudāhṛtā: Kriyā (क्रिया; passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ud-√hṛ (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative, Singular; agrees with “caitra-pūrṇā”; “is declared/mentioned”

• asyām: in this
• asyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; “in this (observance/time)”

• sānna-udakam: water with food/gruel-water
• sānna-udakam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sānna (प्रातिपदिक) + udaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifier/object-part with “kuṃbham” (water with cooked food/with grains)

• kuṃbham: a pot
• kuṃbham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kuṃbha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; object of “pradadyāt”

• pradadyāt: should give
• pradadyāt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√dā (धातु)
• Form: Optative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); “should give”

• soma-tuṣṭaye: for Soma’s satisfaction
• soma-tuṣṭaye: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: soma (प्रातिपदिक) + tuṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; purpose: “for the satisfaction of Soma”

Speaker

Narada

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: caitra-pūrṇimā observance (pūrṇā)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Soma

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It links Caitra Pūrṇimā with cosmic time (Manvantara-beginning) and prescribes kumbha-dāna with anna and water as a meritorious act specifically meant to please Soma, thereby aligning personal ritual merit with celestial order.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti here is expressed through reverential offering (dāna) directed to a divine power (Soma). The verse teaches devotion as a concrete act—giving sustenance (anna-udaka) in a sacred time—rather than as mere sentiment.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It highlights Jyotiṣa-based ritual timing: the importance of tithi (Pūrṇimā) and the month (Caitra) for prescribing a specific rite (kumbha-dāna) and its intended devatā (Soma).