Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 98

The Exposition of the Dvādaśī Vow for the Twelve Months

Dvādaśī-vrata-nirṇaya and Mahā-dvādaśī Lakṣaṇas

Devanagari script

यदारुणोदये विद्धा दशम्यैकादशी तिथिः । तदा तां संपरित्यज्य द्वादशीं समुपोषयेत् ॥ ९८ ॥

Transliteration

yadāruṇodaye viddhā daśamyaikādaśī tithiḥ | tadā tāṃ saṃparityajya dvādaśīṃ samupoṣayet || 98 ||

Translation

Apabila pada aruṇodaya (fajar) didapati tithi Ekādaśī bercampur dengan Daśamī, maka hendaklah ditinggalkan Ekādaśī itu dan berpuasa pada Dvādaśī.

Word by Word

• यदा: when
• यदा: Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (when)

• अरुणोदये: at dawn
• अरुणोदये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरुण (प्रातिपदिक) + उदय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष: ‘अरुणस्य उदयः’ (dawn/sunrise glow); पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन

• विद्धा: being touched/overlapped
• विद्धा: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्यध्/विध् (धातु; ‘to pierce/affect’) + त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृतान्त (भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त/PPP), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘तिथिः’ इत्यस्य विशेषण (tithi being ‘touched/affected’)

• दशमी-एकादशी: (the) tenth-and-eleventh (tithi)
• दशमी-एकादशी: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दशमी (प्रातिपदिक) + एकादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (copulative: ‘दशमी च एकादशी च’), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘तिथिः’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• तिथिः: lunar day (tithi)
• तिथिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (then)

• ताम्: that (tithi)
• ताम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; ‘एकादशी/तिथि’ परामर्श

• सम्परित्यज्य: having abandoned completely
• सम्परित्यज्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् + परि + त्यज् (धातु) + य (ल्यप्)
• Form: अव्ययकृदन्त (ल्यप्/absolutive), पूर्वकाल (having completely abandoned)

• द्वादशीम्: Dvādaśī
• द्वादशीम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• समुपोषयेत्: one should fast (observe fast)
• समुपोषयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + उप + वस् (धातु; उपवासे)
• Form: विधिलिङ्-लकार (Optative/Imperative sense), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in dialogue instructing Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Ekādaśī/Dvādaśī vrata (Mahā-dvādaśī decision rule)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta (peace)

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes purity and correctness in vrata observance: if Ekādaśī is tainted by Daśamī at aruṇodaya, the devotee should shift the fast to Dvādaśī so the vow remains spiritually effective and dharmically valid.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By prescribing careful observance of Ekādaśī-related discipline, it frames bhakti as devotion expressed through regulated worship and self-restraint—protecting the sanctity of a Viṣṇu-oriented vrata through proper timing.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It highlights calendrical decision-making tied to tithi at aruṇodaya—an applied aspect of Jyotiṣa (Vedāṅga astrology) used in Panchāṅga-based ritual timing for vrata observance.