Shloka 2

Adhyaya 20 — Ritadhvaja’s Companionship with the Naga Princes and the Origin of the Horse Kuvalaya

Sanskrit

तस्यात्मजो महावीर्यो बभूवारिविदारणः ।

बुद्धिविक्रमलावण्यैर्गुरुशक्राश्विभिः समः ॥

Transliteration

tasyātmajo mahāvīryo babhūvārividāraṇaḥ | buddhi-vikrama-lāvaṇyair guru-śakrāśvibhiḥ samaḥ ||

Translation

Putera baginda juga perkasa, pemusnah musuh; dari segi kecerdasan, keberanian, dan ketampanan, dia setara dengan Bṛhaspati, Indra, dan para Aśvin.

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुं/नपुंस, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन

• आत्मजः: son
• आत्मजः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: आत्मनः जातः = born of oneself (son)

• महावीर्यः: of great valor
• महावीर्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा + वीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय

• बभूव: became/was
• बभूव: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• अरिविदारणः: enemy-destroyer
• अरिविदारणः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरीन् + विदारण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष: अरिन् विदारयति इति = one who tears enemies

• बुद्धिविक्रमलावण्यैः: with intelligence, prowess, and beauty
• बुद्धिविक्रमलावण्यैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि + विक्रम + लावण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (collective as qualities), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व: बुद्धिः च विक्रमः च लावण्यं च = with intelligence, valor, and beauty

• गुरुशक्राश्विभिः: with Guru (Bṛhaspati), Śakra (Indra), and the Aśvins
• गुरुशक्राश्विभिः: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु + शक्र + अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व: गुरुः च शक्रः च अश्विनौ च (देवसमूह)

• समः: equal
• समः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (predicate): 'equal (to)'

Speakers

• Jaḍa (continuing narration)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "vira", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Bṛhaspati (Guru)
• Indra (Śakra)
• Aśvins

Key Themes

• Royal ideal
• Genealogical narration
• Deva-comparisons (praśasti)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The ideal ruler integrates three excellences—wisdom (buddhi), power (vikrama), and attractiveness/virtue-signaling presence (lāvaṇya)—tempered by the archetypes of divine counsel (Bṛhaspati) and heroic leadership (Indra).

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita/genealogical-praise material: characterization of a royal descendant in a lineage narrative.

What is the esoteric significance?

Comparisons to Guru–Śakra–Aśvins encode a triad: right counsel, sovereign will, and healing/swiftness—suggesting that kingship (and inner mastery) requires guidance, command, and restorative capacity.