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Shloka 47

Adhyaya 15Karmic Retribution: Rebirths After Naraka and the King’s Compassion in Hell

पुत्र उवाच ततस्तमग्रतः कृत्वा स राजा गन्तुमुद्यतः ।

ततश्च सर्वैरुत्कृष्टं यातनास्थायिभिर्नृभिः ॥

putra uvāca tatas tam agrataḥ kṛtvā sa rājā gantum udyataḥ | tataś ca sarvair utkruṣṭaṃ yātanāsthāyibhir nṛbhiḥ ||

Anak itu berkata: Kemudian, setelah menempatkannya di hadapan, raja itu pun berangkat; lalu suatu jeritan yang kuat dibangkitkan oleh semua lelaki yang sedang menanggung seksa.

पुत्रःthe son
पुत्रः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
ततःthen
ततः:
Kala (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablative adverb: then/from there)
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन
अग्रतःin front
अग्रतः:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअग्रतः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; स्थानवाचक (in front/ahead)
कृत्वाhaving placed/made
कृत्वा:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive) from √कृ; ‘having made/placed’
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन
गन्तुम्to go
गन्तुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive) from √गम्; ‘to go’
उद्यतःready/intending
उद्यतः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्यत (कृदन्त; यत्/यम् धातु with उद्- उपसर्ग)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; क्त (past participle) in sense ‘ready/raised/intent’
ततःthen
ततः:
Kala (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; then
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction
सर्वैःby all
सर्वैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषण (with ‘नृभिः’)
उत्कृष्टम्the excellent (place/thing)
उत्कृष्टम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्कृष्ट (कृदन्त; कृ धातु with उत्- उपसर्ग)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; क्त (PPP) used adjectivally ‘excellent/superior’
यातना-स्थायिभिःby those dwelling in torment
यातना-स्थायिभिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootयातना (प्रातिपदिक) + स्थायिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘यातनायां स्थायिनः’ (those abiding in torment)
नृभिःby men
नृभिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
Putra (the narrator ‘son’) speaking within the broader frame-story; characters: king and beings in torment

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Naraka narrativeCompassion triggerWitnessing sufferingDidactic storytelling

FAQs

Witnessing suffering becomes a catalyst for compassion and ethical reflection; the cries of the afflicted force the listener/king to confront the lived reality of adharma’s consequences.

Narrative instruction (vaṃśānucarita-like storytelling mode), serving dharma teaching rather than cosmological genealogy.

The ‘cries’ symbolize the unresolved karmic impressions within oneself that protest when one tries to move on without addressing them.