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Shloka 10

दुर्योधनस्य लज्जा-प्रायोपवेशविचारः

Duryodhana’s Shame and Consideration of Prāyopaveśa

(नानाध्वजपताकाड्का स्फीतराष्ट्रा महाबला) “नाना प्रकारकी ध्वजा-पताकाओंसे चिह्नित इस भूतलपर कितने ही समृद्धिशाली राष्ट्र हैं और वहाँ बहुत-सी विशाल सेनाएँ संगठित हैं ।। वन्द्यमानो द्विजै राजन्‌ पूज्यमानश्व राजभि: । पौरुषाद्‌ दिवि देवेषु भ्राजसे रश्मिवानिव,“राजन! तुम अपने पुरुषार्थसे द्विजोंद्वारा सम्मानित तथा राजाओंद्वारा पूजित होकर स्वर्ग एवं देवताओं में अंशुमाली सूर्यकी भाँति इस भूतलपर प्रकाशित हो रहे हो

vaiśampāyana uvāca | nānādhvajapatākāḍhyāḥ sphītarāṣṭrā mahābalāḥ | vandyamāno dvijai rājann pūjyamānaś ca rājabhiḥ | pauruṣād divi deveṣu bhrājase raśmivān iva ||

Vaiśampāyana berkata: “Di seluruh bumi ini ada banyak kerajaan makmur, ditandai dengan pelbagai panji dan bendera, dan di dalamnya berhimpun banyak bala tentera yang perkasa. Wahai Raja, dengan keberanian tuanku sendiri, tuanku dihormati oleh kaum dwija (yang dua kali lahir) dan dimuliakan oleh raja-raja lain; di syurga, di tengah para dewa, tuanku bersinar laksana matahari yang bercahaya.”

नानाvarious, many kinds of
नाना:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाना
ध्वजbanner, flag
ध्वज:
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
Formmasculine, nominative/accusative (as compound-member), singular (as stem)
पताकाpennant, standard
पताका:
TypeNoun
Rootपताका
Formfeminine, nominative/accusative (as compound-member), singular (as stem)
आढ्याrich, prosperous
आढ्या:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआढ्य
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
स्फीतabundant, flourishing
स्फीत:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्फीत
Formfeminine, nominative/accusative (as compound-member), singular (as stem)
राष्ट्राःkingdoms, realms
राष्ट्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
Formneuter, nominative, plural
महाबलाःvery powerful (having great strength)
महाबलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
वन्द्यमानःbeing praised / being saluted
वन्द्यमानः:
TypeVerb
Rootवन्द्
Formशानच् (present passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
द्विजैःby the twice-born (brahmins)
द्विजैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
पूज्यमानःbeing worshipped / being honored
पूज्यमानः:
TypeVerb
Rootपूज्
Formशानच् (present passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
राजभिःby kings
राजभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
पौरुषात्from/through (your) manly effort, valor
पौरुषात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपौरुष
Formneuter, ablative, singular
दिविin heaven
दिवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदिव् (द्यौः)
Formfeminine, locative, singular
देवेषुamong the gods
देवेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
Formmasculine, locative, plural
भ्राजसेyou shine, you are resplendent
भ्राजसे:
TypeVerb
Rootभ्राज्
Formलट् (present), आत्मनेपद, second, singular
रश्मिवान्radiant, possessing rays
रश्मिवान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootरश्मिवत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
R
rājan (the king addressed)
D
dvija (Brahmins/twice-born)
R
rājānaḥ (kings)
D
deva (gods)
S
sūrya (sun, implied by raśmivān)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical ideal of kingship: true royal splendor arises from personal valor and right conduct, which earn the respect of Brahmins (guardians of sacred authority) and fellow rulers (political peers). Legitimate fame is portrayed as socially and cosmically affirmed—shining ‘like the sun’ among gods and men.

Vaiśampāyana, narrating the epic, describes the wider political landscape—many prosperous kingdoms with banners and armies—and then addresses a king directly, praising him for the renown he has gained through his own prowess, being honored by the twice-born and revered by other kings.