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Mahabharata 3.13.5Vana Parva, Adhyaya 13, Shloka 5

Book 3 (Āraṇyaka-parva), Adhyāya 13 — Alliance Gathering; Arjuna’s Praise of Keśava; Draupadī’s Duḥkha-nivedana; Assurances and Vows

वीरसेनसुतो यैस्तु राज्यात्‌ प्रभ्रंशित: पुरा । अतर्कितविनाशश्ष्‌ देवनेन विशाम्पते

vīrasenasuto yais tu rājyāt prabhraṁśitaḥ purā | atarkita-vināśaś ca devena viśāmpate ||

Wahai tuan bagi rakyat, dahulu Nala, putera Vīrasena, telah dijatuhkan dari kerajaannya kerana perjudian. Daripada permainan dadu timbul kebinasaan yang tiba-tiba dan tidak terduga—kehancuran yang bahkan akal pun tidak mampu membayangkannya.

वीरसेनसुतःthe son of Vīrasena (Nala)
वीरसेनसुतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीरसेन-सुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यैःby whom/with which (persons)
यैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
राज्यात्from the kingdom
राज्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
प्रभ्रंशितःmade to fall; dethroned
प्रभ्रंशितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-भ्रंश्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
पुराformerly/once
पुरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
अतर्कितविनाशःan unimagined/unexpected ruin
अतर्कितविनाशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअ-तर्कित-विनाश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवनेनby gambling; by play (of dice)
देवनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदेवन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people (king)
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्-पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
N
Nala
V
Vīrasena
D
dice (deva)

Educational Q&A

Gambling (dice-play) can bring sudden, unimaginable ruin; a ruler should avoid such vice because it destroys sovereignty, judgment, and stability, as illustrated by Nala’s fall.

Vāyudeva addresses a king (‘lord of the people’) and cites the earlier example of Nala, son of Vīrasena, who was dethroned due to gambling, emphasizing how quickly dice can cause total collapse.

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