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Shloka 4

युधिष्ठिरस्य धनंजय-प्रति गर्हा

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Reproach to Dhanaṃjaya

द्राविडास्तु निषादास्तु पुनः सात्यकिचोदिता: । अभ्यद्रवज्जिघांसन्त: पत्तय: कर्णमाहवे,तब सात्यकिसे प्रेरित होकर द्रविड और निषाद देशोंके पैदल सैनिक कर्णको युद्धमें मार डालनेकी इच्छासे पुन: उसपर टूट पड़े

drāviḍāstu niṣādāstu punaḥ sātyakicoditāḥ | abhyadravajjighāṃsantaḥ pattayaḥ karṇam āhave ||

Sañjaya berkata: Didorong sekali lagi oleh Sātyaki, para askar pejalan kaki dari wilayah Drāviḍa dan Niṣāda menyerbu Karṇa di medan perang, dengan niat membunuhnya.

द्राविडाःDravidas (people of Dravida country)
द्राविडाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्राविड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/and (emphatic)
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
निषादाःNishadas
निषादाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिषाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुand/also (emphatic)
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
सात्यकिby Satyaki
सात्यकि:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
चोदिताःurged/impelled
चोदिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootचोदित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अभ्यद्रवत्rushed upon/charged
अभ्यद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√द्रु
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular
जिघांसन्तःwishing to kill
जिघांसन्तः:
TypeAdjective
Root√हन् (desiderative: जिघांस्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पत्तयःfoot-soldiers
पत्तयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपत्ति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कर्णम्Karna
कर्णम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आहवेin battle
आहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआहव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Sātyaki
K
Karṇa
D
Drāviḍa (people/region)
N
Niṣāda (people/region)
I
infantry (pattayaḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension of war: leaders’ commands and strategic intent translate into collective violence by rank-and-file soldiers. It points to how duty, allegiance, and command structure can intensify conflict, directing many toward the single aim of killing an enemy champion.

Sañjaya reports that, at Sātyaki’s urging, contingents of Drāviḍa and Niṣāda infantry charge again at Karṇa in the battle, seeking to slay him.