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Shloka 22

द्रोणविक्रमदर्शनम् / The Display of Droṇa’s Onslaught and the Debate on Pāṇḍava Regrouping

तस्मिन्‌ हते महामात्रे पज्चालानां महारथे । अपायाज्जवनैरश्रैद्रोणात्‌ त्रस्तो युधिष्ठिर:

tasmin hate mahāmātre pāñcālānāṁ mahārathe | apāyāj javanair astrair droṇāt trasto yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ||

Sañjaya berkata: Apabila panglima besar—maharathi Pāñcāla—telah terbunuh, Yudhiṣṭhira yang digoncang ketakutan berundur daripada Droṇa, ketika sang guru menekannya dengan senjata yang melayang pantas. Saat itu menegaskan bahawa bahkan raja yang berpegang pada dharma dan menahan diri pun dipaksa oleh momentum perang yang kejam untuk berundur di hadapan kekuatan tempur yang lebih unggul.

तस्मिन्in that (situation/time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
हतेwhen (he was) slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular
महामात्रेin/when the great minister/commander
महामात्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहामात्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पाञ्चालानाम्of the Panchalas
पाञ्चालानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
महारथेin/when the great chariot-warrior
महारथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अपायात्departed/withdrew
अपायात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअप + या
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
जवनैःwith swift
जवनैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootजवन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
अश्रैःweapons/missiles
अश्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
द्रोणात्from Drona
द्रोणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
त्रस्तःfrightened
त्रस्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रस्
Formक्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरःYudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāñcālas
D
Droṇa
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
A
astras (weapons/missiles)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension of dharma in war: even a principled leader like Yudhiṣṭhira can be overwhelmed by circumstances, showing that righteousness must contend with fear, force, and the harsh realities of battle.

After a prominent Pāñcāla commander and great chariot-warrior is killed, Droṇa attacks fiercely with rapid astras. Yudhiṣṭhira, alarmed, withdraws from Droṇa’s assault.