Shloka 23

उस महाबली महारथी पांचाल वीरके मारे जानेपर युधिष्ठिर द्रोणाचार्यसे अत्यन्त भयभीत हो गये और वेगशाली घोड़ोंसे जुते हुए रथके द्वारा युद्धस्थलसे दूर चले गये ।। पज्चाला: केकया मत्स्या चेदिकारूषकोसला: । युधिष्ठिरमभीप्सन्तो दृष्टवा द्रोणमुपाद्रवन्‌,उस समय युधिष्ठिरकी रक्षाके लिये पांचाल, केकय, मत्स्य, चेदि, कारूष और कोसल देशोंके योद्धा द्रोणाचार्यको देखते ही उनपर टूट पड़े

sañjaya uvāca |

tasmin mahābali-mahārathe pāñcāla-vīre hate yudhiṣṭhiro droṇācāryād atyanta-bhayabhīto 'bhavat, vegavaddhir aśvair yuktena rathena ca raṇabhūmim apakrāntavān dūram ||

pāñcālāḥ kekayā matsyāś cedi-kārūṣa-kośalāḥ |

yudhiṣṭhiram abhīpsanto dṛṣṭvā droṇam upādravan ||

Sañjaya berkata: Apabila pahlawan Pāñcāla yang perkasa—seorang maharathi terkemuka—terbunuh, Yudhiṣṭhira menjadi amat takut akan Droṇācārya lalu berundur jauh dari medan perang dengan kereta yang ditarik kuda-kuda pantas. Kemudian, demi melindungi Yudhiṣṭhira, para pejuang Pāñcālas, Kekayas, Matsyas, Cedis, Kārūṣas dan Kośalas, sebaik melihat Droṇa, segera menyerbu ke arahnya.

पाञ्चालाःthe Panchalas
पाञ्चालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
केकयाःthe Kekayas
केकयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकेकय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मत्स्याःthe Matsyas
मत्स्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चेदिकाःthe Cedis
चेदिकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचेदिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कारूषाःthe Karushas
कारूषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकारूष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कोसलाःthe Kosalas
कोसलाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकोसल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
युधिष्ठिरम्Yudhishthira (as object/target)
युधिष्ठिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभीप्सन्तःdesiring (to reach/attack)
अभीप्सन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-ईप्स्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active
द्रोणम्Drona
द्रोणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपाद्रवन्they rushed/attacked
उपाद्रवन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√द्रु (द्रव्)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Droṇācārya (Droṇa)
P
Pāñcāla warriors
K
Kekaya warriors
M
Matsya warriors
C
Cedi warriors
K
Kārūṣa warriors
K
Kośala warriors
C
Chariot (ratha)
H
Horses (aśva)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights the ethical tension of kingship in war: even a righteous ruler like Yudhiṣṭhira can be shaken by fear when confronted with overwhelming force, yet the duty of allied warriors is to uphold protection and solidarity, placing the safety of the leader and the cause above personal risk.

After a prominent Pāñcāla chariot-hero is killed, Yudhiṣṭhira retreats from the battlefield out of fear of Droṇa. Seeing Droṇa and intent on safeguarding Yudhiṣṭhira, multiple allied contingents—Pāñcālas, Kekayas, Matsyas, Cedis, Kārūṣas, and Kośalas—charge at Droṇa.