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Shloka 47

Droṇa’s Rebuke to Duryodhana after Jayadratha’s Fall (द्रोणेन दुर्योधनं प्रति प्रत्युक्तिः)

द्रोणस्यापि परै: सार्ध व्यूहद्वारे महारणे । एवमेष क्षयो वृत्त: पृथिव्यां पृथिवीपते | क्रुद्धेडर्जुने तथा द्रोणे सात्वते च महारथे,पृथ्वीपते! उस महायुद्धमें व्यूहके द्वारपर शत्रुओंके साथ जूझते हुए द्रोणाचार्यका भी सिंहनाद प्रकट हो रहा था। इस प्रकार अर्जुन, द्रोणाचार्य तथा महारथी सात्यकिके कुपित होनेपर युद्धभूमिमें यह भयंकर विनाशका कार्य सम्पन्न हुआ

sañjaya uvāca |

droṇasyāpi paraiḥ sārdhaṁ vyūha-dvāre mahāraṇe |

evam eṣa kṣayo vṛttaḥ pṛthivyāṁ pṛthivīpate |

kruddhe ’rjune tathā droṇe sātvate ca mahārathe ||

Sañjaya berkata: Bahkan Droṇa, yang bertempur bersama musuh di pintu gerbang formasi perang (vyūha) dalam perang besar itu, turut mengaum seperti singa. Maka, wahai tuan empunya bumi, kebinasaan yang menggerunkan ini pun terjadi di medan laga apabila Arjuna, Droṇa, dan maharatha Sātyaki menyala oleh amarah—menunjukkan bahawa kemarahan dalam perang menggandakan kehancuran, sekalipun di kalangan wira terunggul.

द्रोणस्यof Droṇa
द्रोणस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
परैःwith/against the enemies (by the foes)
परैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सार्धम्together with
सार्धम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसार्धम्
व्यूहद्वारेat the gate/entrance of the battle-formation
व्यूहद्वारे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootव्यूह-द्वार
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
महारणेin the great battle
महारणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहा-रण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
एवम्thus/in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षयःdestruction/ruin
क्षयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृत्तःoccurred/happened
वृत्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (वर्तते) / वृत्त (ppp)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle), intransitive/resultative (happened/occurred)
पृथिव्याम्on the earth
पृथिव्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
पृथिवीपतेO lord of the earth (king)
पृथिवीपते:
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी-पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
A
Arjuna
S
Sātyaki (Sātvata)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address pṛthivīpate)
V
vyūha (battle-formation)
V
vyūha-dvāra (gateway of the formation)
B
battlefield (pṛthivī / raṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how krodha (wrath), even in a context of kṣatriya duty, accelerates kṣaya (devastation). It hints at an ethical tension in epic warfare: valor and duty are praised, yet uncontrolled anger multiplies suffering and loss.

Sañjaya reports that at the entrance of a battle-formation, Droṇa is fiercely engaging the enemy and roaring like a lion. He then summarizes that a terrible slaughter occurred on the field when Arjuna, Droṇa, and the great warrior Sātyaki fought in a state of anger.