Shloka 38

Sātyaki-praveśaḥ and Duryodhana-saṃnipātaḥ

Sātyaki’s passage and Duryodhana’s mass engagement

Devanagari script

ततस्त्वरन्‌ पुनद्रोणो धरनुर्हस्तो व्यतिष्ठत

Transliteration

tatastvaran punardroṇo dhanuḥ-hasto vyatiṣṭhata

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: Kemudian Droṇa, dengan segera sekali lagi, berdiri teguh dengan busur di tangan—bertekad meneruskan pertempuran, melambangkan keteguhan suram seorang pahlawan yang memikul dharma tugasnya di tengah keganasan perang yang kian memuncak.

Word by Word

• ततः: then; thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (तस्मात्/तदनन्तरम्-अर्थे)

• त्वरन्: hastening
• त्वरन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्वर् (धातु) → त्वरत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम् (वर्तमान कृदन्तः, कर्तरि)

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय

• द्रोणः: Drona
• द्रोणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः प्रथमा एकवचनम्

• धनुः-हस्तः: having a bow in hand; bow-in-hand
• धनुः-हस्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धनुस् + हस्त (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः प्रथमा एकवचनम्

• व्यतिष्ठत: stood; took position
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु) उपसर्गः वि-
• Form: लङ् (अनद्यतनभूत) परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Droṇa
• bow (dhanuḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights steadfastness in one’s appointed role (svadharma): Droṇa, as a commander and warrior, recommits to action with composure and resolve, even when the battlefield context is ethically fraught.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Droṇa quickly returns to a firm battle-stance, bow in hand, signaling renewed engagement and readiness to continue directing and fighting in the ongoing conflict.