Next Verse

Shloka 1

Droṇa–Dhṛṣṭadyumna-yuddha (द्रोण-धृष्टद्युम्न-युद्धम्) — Tactical duel and allied interventions

[दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठका इं श्लोक मिलाकर कुल ३० ६ “लोक हैं।] नल रत (0) आज अत 3 पज्चचत्वारिशो< ध्याय: उभय पक्षके सैनिकोंका उन्ड-युद्ध संजय उवाच पूर्वाह्नि तस्य रौद्रस्य युद्धमह्नो विशाम्पते । प्रावर्तत महाघोरें राज्ञां देहावकर्तनम्‌,संजय कहते हैं--प्रजानाथ! उस भयंकर दिनके प्रथम भागमें महाभयानक युद्ध होने लगा, जो राजाओंके शरीरका उच्छेद करनेवाला था

sañjaya uvāca | pūrvāhṇi tasya raudrasya yuddham ahno viśāmpate | prāvartata mahāghoraṃ rājñāṃ dehāvakartanam ||

Sañjaya berkata: Wahai tuan rakyat jelata, pada waktu pagi hari yang menggerunkan itu, bermulalah suatu pertempuran yang amat dahsyat—yang menumpaskan tubuh para raja.

संजयSanjaya
संजय:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
पूर्वाह्णिin the forenoon
पूर्वाह्णि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्वाह्ण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तस्यof that
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
रौद्रस्यterrible, fierce
रौद्रस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootरौद्र
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
युद्धाह्नःof the day of battle
युद्धाह्नः:
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्धाह्न
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people (king)
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रावर्ततbegan, commenced
प्रावर्तत:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+वृत्
FormImperfect, Third, Singular
महाघोरेin the very dreadful (battle)
महाघोरे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाघोर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
राज्ञाम्of kings
राज्ञाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
देहावकर्तनम्the cutting down of bodies
देहावकर्तनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेह-अवकर्तन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by the vocative viśāmpate)
K
kings (rājānaḥ, generic combatants)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames war as intrinsically dreadful and body-destroying, reminding the listener that even kings—symbols of order and protection—are reduced to mortal bodies in violence. It implicitly invites reflection on the ethical cost of conflict and the fragility of worldly power.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, in the morning portion of a fearsome day on the battlefield, an extremely terrible fight commenced—one characterized by the cutting down of kings.