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Shloka 21

Gautama–Śakra Saṃvāda: Karma, Loka-bheda, and the Restoration of the Elephant

धृतराष्ट उवाच ये ब्राह्मणा मृदव: सत्यशीला बहुश्रुता: सर्वभूताभिरामा: । येडधीयते सेतिहासं पुराणं मध्वाहुत्या जुद्वति वै द्विजेभ्य:

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ye brāhmaṇā mṛdavaḥ satyaśīlā bahuśrutāḥ sarvabhūtābhirāmāḥ | ye ’dhīyate setihāsaṃ purāṇaṃ madhvāhutyā judvati vai dvijebhyaḥ ||

Dhṛtarāṣṭra berkata: “Para brāhmaṇa yang lemah lembut, berpegang pada kebenaran, luas ilmunya, dan menyenangkan semua makhluk—yang mempelajari Itihāsa dan Purāṇa, lalu mempersembahkan madu sebagai oblation dan kemudian menyampaikannya dengan wajar kepada golongan dua-kali-lahir—ceritakanlah kepadaku tentang orang-orang seperti itu.”

धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मृदवःgentle
मृदवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमृदु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सत्यशीलाःof truthful conduct
सत्यशीलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्यशील
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
बहुश्रुताःmuch-learned
बहुश्रुताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुश्रुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वभूताभिरामाःpleasing to all beings
सर्वभूताभिरामाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वभूताभिराम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अधीयतेstudies/recites
अधीयते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-इ
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
इतिहासम्history/epic narrative
इतिहासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइतिहास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुराणम्Purāṇa (ancient lore)
पुराणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुराण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मधु-आहुत्याwith an offering of honey
मधु-आहुत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमध्वाहुति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
यज्वतिworships/sacrifices
यज्वति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
द्विजेभ्यःto the twice-born (Brahmins)
द्विजेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
B
brāhmaṇas
I
Itihāsa
P
Purāṇa
M
madhu (honey)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights an ethical ideal of the brāhmaṇa: gentleness, truthfulness, broad learning, and universal benevolence, joined with disciplined study of sacred-traditional literature (Itihāsa and Purāṇa) and proper ritual-honor toward the twice-born through offerings.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra is describing (and implicitly inquiring about) a class of exemplary brāhmaṇas—defined by character, learning, and ritual practice—within the Anuśāsana Parva’s broader instruction on dharma and proper conduct.