Shloka 31

Prāyaścitta for Mahāpātakas: Liquor, Theft, Sexual Transgression, Contact with the Fallen, and Homicide

Devanagari script

मातृगोत्रां समासाद्य समानप्रवरां तथा / चाद्रायणेन शुध्येत प्रयतात्मा समाहितः

Transliteration

mātṛgotrāṃ samāsādya samānapravarāṃ tathā / cādrāyaṇena śudhyeta prayatātmā samāhitaḥ

Translation

Jika seseorang telah mendekati (bersatu dengan) wanita dari gotra ibunya, atau juga yang memiliki pravara yang sama, maka dengan menahan diri dan meneguhkan batin, hendaklah dia menyucikan diri melalui amalan penebusan Āndrāyaṇa.

Word by Word

• मातृ-गोत्राम्: a woman of the mother’s gotra
• मातृ-गोत्राम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ (प्रातिपदिक) + गोत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (मातुः गोत्रा)

• समासाद्य: having approached/consorted with
• समासाद्य: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-सद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया; उपसर्ग: सम्+आ

• समान-प्रवराम्: having the same pravara
• समान-प्रवराम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समान (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रवर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (समानः प्रवरः यस्याः सा)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात

• आद्रायणेन: by the ādrāyaṇa (cāndrāyaṇa-type) rite
• आद्रायणेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आद्रायण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन

• शुध्येत: should be purified
• शुध्येत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुध् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपदम

• प्रयत-आत्मा: one whose self is disciplined
• प्रयत-आत्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रयत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (प्रयतः आत्मा यस्य सः)

• समाहितः: composed/collected
• समाहितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-आ-धा (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपसर्ग: सम्+आ

Speaker

Sūta (traditional narrator) relaying dharma-instructions of the Purāṇic sages

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Āndrāyaṇa
• gotra
• pravara
• prāyaścitta

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It does so indirectly: purification is framed as an inner discipline—being prayatātmā (self-restrained) and samāhita (collected)—implying that ethical order and mental composure are prerequisites for clarity of the Self in Kurma Purana’s dharma-yoga vision.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse emphasizes yogic self-regulation rather than posture or mantra: restraint (prayatātmā) and concentration (samāhitaḥ). The Āndrāyaṇa vow functions as a tapas-based practice aligning conduct, diet, and mind—supporting the Purāṇa’s broader ethic of purification as a foundation for higher sādhanā.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

This particular verse is primarily dharma-legal (prāyaścitta) and does not directly discuss Shiva–Vishnu unity; however, its stress on tapas and purification is consistent with the Kurma Purana’s Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis where disciplined conduct supports devotion and realization across sectarian forms.