Shloka 32

Bhojana-vidhi and Nitya-karman: Directions for Eating, Prāṇa-Oblations, Sandhyā, and Conduct Leading to Apavarga

Devanagari script

नान्यो विमुक्तये पन्था मुक्त्वाश्रमविधिं स्वकम् / तस्मात् कर्माणि कुर्वोत तुष्टये परमेष्ठिनः

Transliteration

nānyo vimuktaye panthā muktvāśramavidhiṃ svakam / tasmāt karmāṇi kurvota tuṣṭaye parameṣṭhinaḥ

Translation

Tiada jalan lain menuju pembebasan sempurna selain berpegang pada disiplin āśrama masing-masing. Maka, laksanakanlah segala karma dan kewajipan untuk menyenangkan Parameṣṭhin, Tuhan Yang Maha Tinggi.

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध-निपात

• अन्यः: another (way)
• अन्यः: Karta (कर्ता; existential subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• विमुक्तये: for liberation
• विमुक्तये: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/dative purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विमुक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/dative), एकवचन

• पन्थाः: path
• पन्थाः: Karta (कर्ता; predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पथिन्/पन्था (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• मुक्त्वा: having abandoned
• मुक्त्वा: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/absolutive relation)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच् (धातु) + त्वा (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive), पूर्वकाल (prior action)

• आश्रमविधिम्: the rule of (one’s) āśrama
• आश्रमविधिम्: Karma (कर्म/object of मुक्त्वा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आश्रम (प्रातिपदिक) + विधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (आश्रमस्य विधिः)

• स्वकम्: one’s own
• स्वकम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; आश्रमविधिम् इति विशेषणम्

• तस्मात्: therefore
• तस्मात्: Hetu (हेतु/causal connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तस्मात् इति अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः; हेत्वर्थे (therefore/from that reason)

• कर्माणि: duties, actions
• कर्माणि: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), बहुवचन

• कुर्वोत: do (you all)
• कुर्वोत: Kriya (क्रिया/imperative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), बहुवचन; वैदिक/आर्ष-रूप ‘कुर्वोत’ = ‘कुरुत’

• तुष्टये: for the satisfaction
• तुष्टये: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/purpose dative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तुष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/dative), एकवचन; प्रयोजन (purpose)

• परमेष्ठिनः: of the Supreme Lord (Parameṣṭhin)
• परमेष्ठिनः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परमेष्ठिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) instructing on dharma as a means to moksha

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Parameṣṭhin
• Āśrama
• Karma
• Mokṣa

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It presents liberation as attained through alignment with Īśvara (Parameṣṭhin) via disciplined dharma; the verse emphasizes God-oriented action rather than a separate, competing route to freedom.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse foregrounds Karma-Yoga within Varnāśrama: performing prescribed duties as an offering for the Lord’s satisfaction, which purifies the mind and supports higher yogic realization taught elsewhere in the Kurma tradition.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By using the inclusive title Parameṣṭhin (Īśvara), it supports the Purana’s synthetic approach: the Supreme Lord—praised as Vishnu in Kurma’s voice and honored in Shaiva frameworks as Īśvara—is pleased through dharma-based devotion and duty.