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Kurma Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 33

Sūrya-vaṃśa Genealogy and the Supremacy of Tapas: Gāyatrī-Japa, Rudra-Darśana, and Śatarudrīya Upadeśa

वसुमना उवाच किंस्विच्छेयस्करतरं लोके ऽस्मिन् ब्राह्मणर्षभाः / यज्ञस्तपो वा संन्यासो ब्रूत मे सर्ववेदिनः

vasumanā uvāca kiṃsviccheyaskarataraṃ loke 'smin brāhmaṇarṣabhāḥ / yajñastapo vā saṃnyāso brūta me sarvavedinaḥ

Vasumanā berkata: “Wahai yang terbaik antara para Brahmana, apakah yang lebih membawa kepada kebaikan tertinggi di dunia ini—pemujaan melalui yajña, tapa (pertapaan), atau saṃnyāsa (pelepasan)? Wahai yang mengetahui segala Veda, beritahulah aku.”

वसुमनाVasumanas
वसुमना:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवसुमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेष-नाम
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/परोक्षभूत), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
किम्what
किम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक (interrogative)
स्वित्indeed/possibly (question particle)
स्वित्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वित् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्न-निपात (interrogative particle)
श्रेयस्करतरम्more beneficial
श्रेयस्करतरम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेयस्+कर+तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (श्रेयः करोति इति श्रेयस्करः) + तर-प्रत्यय (comparative ‘more’)
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
ब्राह्मणर्षभाःO bulls among Brahmins
ब्राह्मणर्षभाः:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण+ऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (ब्राह्मणाः एव ऋषभाः)
यज्ञःsacrifice
यज्ञः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्प (disjunctive particle)
संन्यासःrenunciation
संन्यासः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसंन्यास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
ब्रूतtell (you all)
ब्रूत:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative/आज्ञार्थ), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी/चतुर्थी-एकवचनरूप (Gen/Dat sg enclitic); here चतुर्थी (4th/Dative) ‘to me’
सर्ववेदिनःO all-knowing ones
सर्ववेदिनः:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व+वेदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (सर्वं वेदन्ति इति)

Vasumanā

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

V
Vasumanā
B
Brāhmaṇa-ṛṣis (sages)

FAQs

This verse does not define Ātman directly; it frames a dharmic inquiry into śreyas (the highest good), setting up later teaching where inner discipline (tapas/saṁnyāsa) and right action (yajña) are evaluated as means toward liberation-oriented wisdom.

No specific Yoga technique is named, but “tapas” and “saṁnyāsa” point to yogic disciplines—self-restraint, austerity, and renunciant focus—often treated in the Kurma Purana as supports for inner purification that culminate in devotion and knowledge.

The verse itself is neutral and interrogative; by asking about yajña, tapas, and saṁnyāsa, it aligns with the Kurma Purana’s broader Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis where both ritual devotion and ascetic-yogic paths are integrated under a single pursuit of śreyas.